新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情期间德阳市临床护士心理应激状况的多中心调查  

A multi-center survey on psychological stress of clinical nurses in Deyang City in the period of prevention and control of Corona Virus Disease 2019

作　　者：陈飞 朱华蓉[1] 陶莉[2] 张明凤[3] 包芙蓉[4] 尹娟 CHEN Fei;ZHU Hua-rong;TAO Li;ZHANG Ming-feng;BAO Fu-rong;YIN Juan(Department of Nursing,People's Hospital of Deyang City,Deyang Sichuan,618000,China;Department of Psychosomatic Medicine,People's Hospital of Deyang City,Deyang Sichuan,618000,China;Department of Nursing,People's Hospital of Mianzhu City,Mianzhu Sichuan,618200,China;Department of Nursing,People's Hospital of Guanghan City,Guanghan Sichuan,618300,China;Department of Nursing,Deyang Jiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Deyang Sichuan,618000,China)

机构地区：[1]德阳市人民医院护理部,四川德阳618000 [2]德阳市人民医院心身医学科,四川德阳618000 [3]绵竹市人民医院护理部,四川绵竹618200 [4]广汉市人民医院护理部,四川广汉618300 [5]德阳市旌阳区中医院护理部,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2020年第14期1948-1951,1955,共5页Occupation and Health

基　　金：2020年德阳市科技计划项目(FY202008)。

摘　　要：目的调查德阳市临床护士在应对新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情中的心理应激状况,分析其影响因素,为防护干预提供参考依据。方法 2020年2月4—13日,采取随机抽样法,分别在德阳市6个行政区域随机选择3~4所二级及以上医院的2 266名临床护士作为调查对象,应用症状自评量表(SCL-90)进行心理健康状况调查,并对数据进行分析。结果临床护士应对新型冠状病毒肺炎的SCL-90因子均分为1.27±0.38,总体症状程度较轻,因子阳性患者占比最高的前3个因子依次是强迫(14.96%)、其他(反应睡眠和饮食,10.28%)和恐怖(8.78%),阳性因子均分最高的前3个因子依次是精神病性(2.52±0.43)、敌对(2.51±0.53)和人际关系敏感(2.50±0.45),阳性因子分最高的前3个因子依次是强迫(4.90)、其他(反应睡眠和饮食)(4.43)和恐怖(4.43),程度较严重。多元线性回归分析显示,是否是医疗救治定点医院、医院级别和性质、生育情况及文化程度是临床护士心理健康状况的影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论德阳市临床护士在新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情下存在一定的心理应激压力,建议护理管理者在疫情防控期间注意疏导,采取针对性的策略,以减轻护士心理压力。Objective To investigate the psychological stress of clinical nurses in Deyang City in the period of prevention and control of Corona Virus Disease 2019,analyze the influencing factors,and provide reference for protection intervention.Methods In February 4 to 13,2020,2266 clinical nurses from 3-4 secondary and above hospitals were randomly selected in six administrative areas of Deyang City by the random sampling,and their mental health was investigated by the Symptom checklist 90(SCL-90).The data were analyzed.Results The score of SCL-90 against Corona Virus Disease 2019 among clinical nurses was 1.27±0.38,and the overall symptoms were relatively mild.The top three factors with highest proportion of positive patients were compulsion(14.96%),others(reaction sleep and diet)(10.28%),phobia(8.78%).The top three factors with highest average scores were psychosis(2.52±0.43),hostility(2.51±0.53)and interpersonal sensitivity(2.50±0.45).The top three factors with highest scores were compulsion(4.90),other factors(reaction sleep and diet)(4.43)and phobia(4.43),which were more serious.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that whether it was the designated hospital for medical treatment,the level and nature of the hospital,fertility and education levelwere the influencing factors of the mental health status of clinical nurses(all P<0.05).Conclusion Clinical nurses has certain psychological stress in the the period of prevention and control of Corona Virus Disease 2019.It is suggested that nursing managers should pay attention to the guidance and take targeted strategies,so as to reduce the psychological pressure of nurses.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒肺炎 临床护士 心理健康 多中心调查 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]