离子吸附型稀土开采的环境问题及成本评估进展  

Progress in Environmental Problems and Cost Assessment of Ion-adsorption Rare Earth Mining

作　　者：徐丰 李恒凯[1] 王秀丽[2] XU Feng;LI Heng-kai;WANG Xiu-li(School of Architectural and Surveying&Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;School of Economics and Management,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学建筑与测绘工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学经济管理学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《稀土》2020年第4期119-127,共9页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：江西省自然科学基金项目(2018BAB206018);江西省高校人文社会科学研究一般项目(JC17111)。

摘　　要：离子吸附型稀土开采带来严重的生态环境问题,引起人们日益关注。较全面地综述了国内外学者对环境成本评估的研究方法及其进展。针对稀土矿区这个特定区域所出现的环境问题进行总结,对基于成本的环境治理成本法、基于损失的环境退化法以及NPP损失估算法三种评估方法进行对比分析,对其在稀土矿区的适用性展开讨论,最后,对稀土矿区环境成本遥感评估方法进行展望,并提出合理的建议。稀土矿区环境成本评估方法可以反映稀土资源在开发过程中对生态环境的影响程度,并为矿区生态环境治理提供基础数据和理论支撑,对稀土矿绿色开采和可持续发展有一定的借鉴意义。Ion-adsorption rare earth mining has brought about serious ecological and environmental problems,which has attracted increasing attention.A comprehensive overview of the research methods and progress in environmental cost assessment by scholars at home and abroad was conducted in this paper.The environmental problems in this particular area of rare earth mining area were summerized,and the three evaluation methods including cost-based environmental governance cost method,loss-based environmental degradation method and NPP loss estimation method,and its applicability in rare earth mining area were compared.Discussions were held.Finally,the remote sensing assessment method for environmental costs in rare earth mining areas was prospected and reasonable suggestions were made.The environmental cost assessment method of rare earth mining area can reflect the impact degree of rare earth resources on the ecological environment during the development process,and provide basic data and theoretical support for the ecological environment management of the mining area.It has certain reference significance for the green mining and sustainable development of rare earth minerals.

关 键 词：稀土矿区 环境成本 治理成本 植被净第一性生产力 

分 类 号：X830[环境科学与工程—环境工程]