TBT协定中认定技术法规的“强制性”判断标准探析  

Research on the"Mandatory"Judgment Criterion of Technical Regulations in TBT Agreement

作　　者：贾立甲 李建军 王耀 JIA Li-Jia;LI Jian-Jun;WANG Yao(Law School of Nankai University,Tianjin 300350;WTOSPS National Noifcation&Enquiry Center of P.R.C,Beijing 100013;Dalian Customs,Dalian 116000)

机构地区：[1]南开大学法学院,天津300350 [2]WTO/SPS国家通报咨询中心,北京100013 [3]大连海关,大连116000

出　　处：《中国口岸科学技术》2020年第8期50-54,共5页China Port Science and Technology

基　　金：海关总署科研项目(2019HK154)资助。

摘　　要：技术法规的认定在国际贸易中有着重要意义,"强制性"作为判定技术法规的关键性要素,其判断方法在学界一直富有争议,而承接相关概念的TBT协定对此规定较为模糊。文章主要围绕墨西哥诉美国金枪鱼案(Ⅱ),进一步提出了影响强制性判断的"市场范围"与"强制执行性"两个条件,并梳理和评价了专家组的判决标准与逻辑,最后结合当下WTO的裁判趋势和中国对外贸易的形势,为我国应对相关问题带来思考与启示。The identification of technical regulations is of great significance in international trade.As a key element in determining technical regulations,the judgment method of"mandatory"has always been controversial in academic circles,but it is relatively vague in the TBT agreement which includes the relevant concepts.Focusing on the tuna case of Mexico v.the United States(Ⅱ),the article further puts forward the two conditions of"market scope"and"enforcement"that affect the judgment of"mandatory",then sorts out and evaluates the judgment standard and logic of the panel.Finally,combined with the current trend of WTO judgment and the situation of China's international trade,it brings thought and enlightenment for our country to deal with the related problems.

关 键 词：TBT协定 技术法规 标准 强制性 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学] F203[政治法律—国际法学]