黑龙江省2017—2019年腹泻患者诺如病毒检测及基因特征分析  

Analysis on the detection of norovirus and its genetic characteristics among patients with diarrhea in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2019

作　　者：石鑫[1] 舒畅[1] 许军[1] 冷焱 SHI Xin;SHU Chang;XU Jun;LENG Yan(Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150030,China;Jixi Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省疾病预防控制中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]鸡西市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2020年第4期457-459,498,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

基　　金：黑龙江省卫生计生委科研课题(2018565)。

摘　　要：目的了解黑龙江省腹泻患者诺如病毒(NoV)感染的流行特征及基因型别,为NoV感染的预防和控制提供依据。方法收集2017年1月—2019年12月哨点医院腹泻患者粪便标本560份,采用荧光定量PCR检测NoV GⅠ、GⅡ基因组。对NoV阳性标本核酸进行扩增、测序并进行系统进化分析。结果NoV阳性检出率为7.14%(40/560)。40份阳性标本中,GⅠ基因组5份,GⅡ基因组35份。男性患者NoV阳性检出率为8.30%(24/289),女性为5.90%(16/271),差异无统计学意义(χ^2=1.215,P>0.05)。0~5岁年龄组检出率最高,为9.62%。NoV流行季节高峰在2月份,检出率为18.18%(4/22)。对部分阳性标本进行测序,获得9株序列,系统进化分析结果显示,4株GⅡ.Pe/GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012型,1株GⅡ.P7/GⅡ.6型,1株GⅡ.P16/GⅡ.2型,1株GⅡ.P16/GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012型,1株GⅠ.Pd/GⅠ.3型,1株GⅠ.Pc/GⅠ.5型。结论NoV是黑龙江省病毒性腹泻的重要病原之一,基因型存在多样性且重组现象明显。GⅡ.P16/GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012型及GⅠ.Pc/GⅠ.5型是在黑龙江省首次发现并报道的型别。Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics and genotypes of norovirus(Nov)infection in patients with diarrhea in Heilongjiang Province.In order to provide the evidence for the prevention and control of NoV infection.Methods A total of 560 fecal samples of diarrhea patients in sentinel hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were collected and the genomes of NoV GⅠand GⅡwere detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The nucleic acids of NoV positive samples were amplified,sequenced and phylogenetic analyzed.Results The positive rate of NoV was 7.14%(40/560).Among 40 positive samples,5 samples were GⅠand 35 samples were GⅡ.The positive rate was 8.30%(24/289)in males and 5.90%(16/271)in females,the difference was not statistically significant(χ^2=1.215,P>0.05).The age group under 5 years old had the highest infection rate,and the detection rate was 9.62%.The peak of NoV epidemic season was in February,and the detection rate was 18.18%(4/22).Nine strains were obtained by sequencing some positive samples,the results of phylogenetic analysis showed that 4 strains were GⅡ.Pe/GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012,1 strain was GⅡ.P7/GⅡ.6,1 strain was GⅡ.P16/GⅡ.2,1 strain was GⅡ.P16/GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012,1 strain was GⅠ.Pd/GⅠ.3,1 strain was GⅠ.Pc/GⅠ.5.Conclusion NoV is one of the important pathogens of viral diarrhea in Heilongjiang Province.There is diversity in genotype and obvious recombination.GⅡ.P16/GⅡ.4_Sydney 2012 and GⅠ.Pc/GⅠ.5 are discovered and reported firstly in Heilongjiang Province.

关 键 词：诺如病毒 基因型 流行病学 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]