北京市昌平区2018年基层预防保健人力资源现状调查  

Investigation on current situation of preventive healthcare human resources at grass-roots level in Changping District of Beijing in 2018

作　　者：范肖肖[1] 王海红[1] 许颖[1] 杨俊英[1] 苑新海[1] 朱宗龙[1] FAN Xiao-xiao;WANG Hai-hong;XU Ying;YANG Jun-ying;YUAN Xin-hai;ZHU Zong-long(Changping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市昌平区疾病预防控制中心,北京102200

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2020年第4期474-477,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的了解2018年昌平区基层预防保健(防保)人员人力资源现状,为稳定社区预防保健人力资源队伍,优化资源配置提供参考。方法采用普查方法,以昌平区43家免疫规划预防接种门诊和5家其他预防接种门诊的预防保健科成员为研究对象,通过问卷调查和面对面访谈的方式收集数据,采用描述流行病学方法对辖区防保科人员配置现状进行分析。结果 2018年昌平区共有379名基层预防保健工作人员,平均年龄为34.11岁,主要集中在30~35岁,占32.72%;从业人员主要为女性,占88.13%。51.19%为本科学历,31.66%为大专学历;65.70%为护理专业,63.32%为初级职称,53.83%为专职人员,51.45%从事计划免疫工作年限不足5年。昌平区预防保健人员配备比为1.84人/万人。结论昌平区基层预防保健人员在年龄和学历配置上较为合理,但预防保健人员配备比较低,医务人员需求仍存在缺口,人才流失现象较为严重,公共卫生及预防医学专业人员配置不足。建议拓宽人才引进渠道,完善激励机制,加强员工培训,优化职称晋升机制。Objective To understand the current situation of preventive healthcare human resources(PHHR) at grass-roots level in Changping District in 2018, and to provide reference for stabilizing PHHR in communities and optimizing the resource allocation.Methods The census method was used and preventive healthcare professionals(PHPs) from preventive healthcare section of 43 immunization program vaccination clinics and 5 other vaccination clinics were selected as the respondents. After collecting data through questionnaires and face-to-face interviews, the statistical method of descriptive epidemiological was used to analyze the status quo of PHPs. Results In 2018, there were 379 PHPs in total at gross-roots level in Changping District. The average age was 34.11 years old, mainly in 30-35 years old group, accounting for 32.72%. The PHPs were mainly female, accounting for 88.13%. 51.19% of the PHPs had bachelor degrees, and 31.66% had college degrees, 65.70% of the PHPs were nursing majors, 63.32% of the PHPs had primary titles, 53.83% of the PHPs were full-time staff, 51.45% of the PHPs had less than 5 years’ work experience on plan and immunization. The allocation ratio of the number of PHPs offering services for community residents was 1.84/10000 in Changping District.Conclusion The allocation of age and education background of the PHPs at gross-roots level in Changping District is reasonable. However, the allocation of the number of the PHPs in the whole district is low;there is still a gap in the demand of medical personnel, the phenomenon of brain drain is more serious, and the allocation of public health and preventive medicine professionals is insufficient. It is necessary to broaden the channels for talent introduction, to improve the incentive mechanism, to strengthen staff training, and to optimize the promotion mechanism of professional titles.

关 键 词：免疫预防 预防保健 人力资源 现况调查 

分 类 号：R197.61[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]