公安县2014—2018年居民死因分析  

Analysis on causes of death of the residents in Gong’an County from 2014 to 2018

作　　者：龚春 文良军 洪杰[1] 胡长贵 GONG Chun;WEN Liang-jun;HONG Jie;HU Chang-gui(Gong’an County Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jingzhou,Hubei 434300,China)

机构地区：[1]公安县疾病预防控制中心,湖北荆州434300

出　　处：《中国公共卫生管理》2020年第4期578-581,585,共5页Chinese Journal of Public Health Management

摘　　要：目的分析2014—2018年湖北省荆州市公安县居民的主要死因和期望寿命的主要影响因素,为制定疾病防控对策提供科学依据。方法收集2014—2018年公安县人口等资料,依据国际疾病分类标准(ICD-10)分类,通过计算死亡率、去死因期望寿命、潜在减寿年数、潜在工作损失年数等指标,分析公安县居民死亡情况和减寿的主要原因。结果 2014—2018年公安县居民粗死亡率和标化死亡率分别为743.69/10万、587.69/10万,死亡率呈上升趋势(χ趋势2=79.69,P<0.05)。前五位死因依次为肿瘤、脑血管病、损伤与中毒、心脏病、呼吸系统疾病,不同性别、年龄别死亡率和死因顺位不尽相同。居民平均期望寿命为77.93岁,去除循环系统疾病、肿瘤、损伤与中毒三种主要死因后,期望寿命分别可增加4.81岁、2.64岁、2.22岁。寿命和工作损失前三位依次为损伤与中毒、肿瘤、循环系统疾病。结论慢性病、损伤与中毒是造成公安县居民死亡的主要原因,预防和控制慢性病是今后应关注的重点,同时应开展针对不同人群的健康教育工作。Objective To analyze the main causes of death and the main factors affecting life expectancy of the residents in Gong’an county from 2014 to 2018, and to provide scientific evidence for diseases prevention and control. Methods The data of the residents in Gong’an County were collected, and according to the International Classification of Diseases(ICD-10), the main causes of death and life-span reduction were analyzed through calculating the following indicators: including the mortality rate, cause eliminated life expectancy, potential year of life lost, working years of potential life lost and so on. Results The mortality rate and the standardized mortality rate of the residents in Gong’an County from 2014 to 2018 was 743.69/100000 and 587.69/100000, respectively. The mortality rate had a rise tendency in 5 years(χ■=79.69, P<0.05). The top five death causes were tumors, cerebrovascular diseases, injuries and poisonings, heart diseases and respiratory diseases. The mortality rates and causes of death varied from gender to age. The average life expectancy was 77.93. After eliminating 3 main causes of death: circulatory diseases, tumors, injuries and poisonings, the life expectancy could be increased by 4.81 years, 2.64 years, and 2.22 years, respectively.The top three causes of life loss and work loss were injuries and poisonings, tumors, circulatory diseases. Conclusion The main causes of death of the residents in Gong’an County are chronic diseases as well as injuries and poisonings. Prevention and control of chronic diseases should be the main focus in the future. Meanwhile, health education for different groups of people should be launched.

关 键 词：死因 死亡率 去死因期望寿命 潜在减寿年数 潜在工作损失年数 

分 类 号：R195.3[医药卫生—卫生统计学]