大学生专业选择权的属性与实现机制研究  

Research on the Attribute and Realization Mechanism of College Students’Choice Right of Majors

作　　者：袁媛 Yuan Yuan

机构地区：[1]厦门大学教育研究院,福建厦门361005 [2]南京林业大学继续教育学院,南京210037

出　　处：《江苏高教》2020年第9期67-72,共6页Jiangsu Higher Education

基　　金：江苏省社会科学基金项目“基于教育公平视角下的高校本科人才培养分流机制研究”(项目号:17JYB005)。

摘　　要：专业选择权是在读大学生按照独立平等原则,根据自身特点、学习能力、兴趣爱好与未来愿景等进行选择或调整专业的权利。它产生于高校与大学生之间的教育契约关系,并在法律上从属于公民的学习权,是大学生在实现受教育权与发展权方面的法律资格与尊严展现。当前我国大学生专业选择权的实施存在三大障碍:一是国家法律制度障碍引起的大学生专业选择权界定不清与保证机制缺位;二是大学管理制度悖论,导致了严苛的限制性条件对大学生专业选择权的剥夺;三是资源与需求的冲突,导致个体发展需求与现实条件之间的矛盾,进而对专业选择权的扼杀。因此,大学生专业选择权的实施需要完善法律制度体系,对大学生专业选择权进行合理规约与必要救济;需要通过课程改革方式淡化专业界限,创新高校人才培养模式;需要重构高校管理理念,强化对大学生专业选择的指导。Choice right of majors is a right for college students to choose or adjust majors according to the principle of independence and equality and their own characteristics,learning ability,interests,hobbies and future vision,etc.It comes from the educational contract between colleges and students,and is legally subordinate to the citizens’right to learn.It is the legal qualification and dignity expression of college students in realizing the right to education and development.At present,there are three major obstacles for college students in China to implement the choice right of majors:one is the absence of the guarantee mechanism and the unclear definition of the choice right of majors of college students caused by the obstacles of the national legal system;the second is the paradox of college management system,which has led to the deprivation of college students’choice right arising from severe restrictive conditions;the third is the conflict between resources and demand,which leads to the contradiction between individual development needs and actual conditions,and further the restriction of the choice right.Therefore,the implementation of college students’choice right of majors requires the improvement of the legal system,reasonable regulation and necessary relief for college students’choice rights;the dilution of boundaries between majors and innovate college talent training models through curriculum reform;and it also needs to reconstruct college management concepts and strengthen the guidance for college students to fulfill a major selection.

关 键 词：专业选择权 专业转换 大学管理 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]