浙江省樱桃褐腐病病原菌种类及其对常见药剂的抗性检测  

Species of pathogens causing cherry brown rot and their resistance to common fungicides in Zhejiang province

作　　者：张艳婷 仇智灵 李阿根[2] 吴鉴艳 毛程鑫 张传清[1] ZHANG Yanting;QIU Zhiling;LI Agen;WU Jianyan;MAO Chengxin;ZHANG Chuanqing(College of Agricultural and Food Sciences,Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University,Lin’an 311300,Zhejiang,China;Yuhang’s Management Station for the Agricultural Ecology and Plant Protection of Hangzhou,Hangzhou 311100,Zhejiang,China;Lin’an District Agricultural and Rural Bureau of Hangzhou,Lin’an 311300,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江农林大学农业与食品科学学院,浙江临安311300 [2]杭州市余杭区农业生态与植物保护管理总站,杭州311100 [3]杭州市临安区农业农村局,浙江临安311300

出　　处：《果树学报》2020年第9期1394-1403,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划项目(2020C02005);农业农村部农产品质量安全监管专项—特色小宗作物用药试验(125D0101)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确樱桃褐腐病病原菌种类,探究病原菌对啶酰菌胺、苯醚甲环唑、甲基硫菌灵及嘧菌酯的抗性现状。【方法】根据科赫式法则对采集的樱桃褐腐病病样进行了病原菌分离、鉴定及致病性测定,并测定了该病原菌对啶酰菌胺、苯醚甲环唑、甲基硫菌灵及嘧菌酯的抗性。【结果】浙江省樱桃褐腐病病原菌共有3种:美澳型核果链核盘菌Monilinia fructicola占65.6%,核果链核盘菌M.laxa占18.8%,果生链核盘菌M.fructigena占15.6%。所有菌株在接种樱桃果实后,均能引起发病,但病斑大小有显著差异,其中樱桃褐腐病病原菌M.laxa的致病力最强,M.fructicola次之,M.fructigena的致病力最弱。浙江省樱桃褐腐病病原菌对甲基硫菌灵、苯醚甲环唑和啶酰菌胺均表现为敏感,仅检测到2株嘧菌酯抗性菌株,抗药性频率为6.25%。抗药性机制研究发现,在抗性菌株的Cyt b编码区未发生G143A点突变现象。【结论】浙江省樱桃褐腐病病原菌共有3种,除了6.25%的嘧菌酯抗性菌株,樱桃褐腐病病原菌对其他3种常用药剂均表现为敏感。【Objective】The aim of the experiment was to completely identify the pathogen diversity of cherry brown rot(CBR)disease and to investigate the resistance of pathogenic fungi to boscalid[a novel SDHI(succinate ubiquinone reductase inhibitor)],difenoconazole[a SBI(ergosterol synthesis inhibitor)],thiophanate-methyl[a MBC(tubulin inhibitor)]and azoxystrobin[a new QoI(quinine outside inhibitor)],so as to provide a scientific basis for the reasonable prevention and control of CBR disease in Zhejiang province,China.【Methods】According to Koch’s law,diseased fruit samples with typical symptoms of CBR were collected from different regions of Zhejiang province and candidate pathogenic fungi were isolated.Then each candidate isolate was re-inoculated onto healthy cherry fruits to determine the pathogenicity.Then,the pathogenic fungi were systematically classified by combining analysis of both the morphological characteristics including growth colony,sporulation structures and conidia,and the molecular identification though amplifying the internal transcribed spacer(ITS)of ribosome gene using the universal primer pair ITS1(5’-TCCGTAGGTGAACCTGCGG-3’)and ITS4(5’-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3’).The resistance status of each isolate to boscalid,difenoconazole,thiophanate-methyl and azoxystrobin was respectively determined by the method of differential dose.Isolates that were unable to grow on potato dextrose agar(PDA)plates amended with 5 mg·L^-1 fungicide were considered as sensitive(S);those that could grow on 5 mg·L^-1 but not on 25 mg·L^-1 were defined as low resistance(LR);those that could grow on 25 mg·L^-1 but not on 50 mg·L^-1 were defined as moderate resistance(MR);and those that could grow on 50 mg·L^-1 were considered high resistance(HR).Based on the resistance results,isolates resistant to azoxystrobin were selected to further analyze the molecular mechanism of resistance to the pathogen of CBR.【Results】Only one kind of fungus was isolated from all the diseased samples.A total of 32 isolates causi

关 键 词：樱桃褐腐病 美澳型核果链核盘菌 核果链核盘菌 果生链核盘菌 抗药性 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]