金属高频电阻及测量修正方法  

High-frequency resistance of metal and the method of its measurement and correction

作　　者：周荣浩 杨勇[1] 张庆 田发宝 ZHOU Rong-hao;YANG Yong;ZHANG Qing;TIAN Fa-bao(School of Mathematics and Physics,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan,Hubei 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)数学与物理学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《大学物理》2020年第9期34-40,50,共8页College Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51177151)资助。

摘　　要：电阻是金属材料的重要物理参数,高频电阻的测量会受趋肤效应、分布电感和电容的影响,少见专门的实验测量报道.本研究从实验角度证明,对于可以主动改变的测试对象,选用金属细丝进行高频电阻测量能较好的抑制趋肤效应的影响;同时通过对固定形状非铁磁性金属细丝样品的电阻、电感和电容等效电路的分析,采用与扫频锁相放大器矢量电压分析数据进行最优化匹配的方法,从工程实践角度较成功地修正了高频分布电感和电容对金属高频电阻测量的影响,进而提出改进铁磁性金属高频电阻测量的方法.实验测量结果确认在较高频时金属电导率依然维持不变,这与理论分析结果一致.本研究为更高频电阻测量提供了思路,还对改进电磁无损检测和电磁兼容研究和设计具有意义.Resistance is an important physical parameter of metal materials.The measurement of high-frequency resistance is affected by the skin effect,the distributed inductance and the capacitance. Rare special experimental measurement is reported about it. In this paper,in the condition that the test objects can be actively changed and the metal filaments are used for the experimental measurement,the high-frequency resistance measurement can better suppress the skin effect. Meanwhile,by analyzing the resistance,inductance and capacitance equivalent circuits of the fixed-shape non-ferromagnetic metal filament samples,the vector voltage analysis data is obtained by a frequency-sweeping phase-locked amplifier. The method of optimal matching is used to successfully modify the influence of the high-frequency distributed inductance and capacitance on the high-frequency resistance measurement of metals from the perspective of engineering practice. An improved method for high-frequency resistance measurement of ferromagnetic metals is also proposed. The electrical conductivity of the metal remained unchanged at high frequency,which is consistent with the theoretical analysis results. This study provides measurement ideas for higher frequency resistance,and has also significance for improving electromagnetic nondestructive testing and electromagnetic compatibility research and design.

关 键 词：电阻 趋肤效应 分布电容 分布电感 高频 

分 类 号：TG115[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]