农业文化遗产地农户生计资本与生计策略关系研究——以宽城传统板栗栽培系统为例  

Study on the Relationship between the Farmers’Livelihood Capital and Livelihood Strategies in the Area of Important Agricultural Heritage Sites(IAHS):A case study of Kuancheng Traditional Cultivation System of Chinese Chestnut

作　　者：洪传春 刘某承[3] 张永勋[4] HONG Chuan-chun;LIU Mou-cheng;ZHANG Yong-xun(School of Management,Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao,Qinhuangdao,Hebei,066004,China;School of Business Administration,Northeastern University,Shenyang,Liaoning,110004,China;Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100101,China;Institute of Agricultural Economics and Development,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing,100081,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学秦皇岛分校管理学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]东北大学工商管理学院,辽宁沈阳110004 [3]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101 [4]中国农业科学院农业经济与发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《原生态民族文化学刊》2020年第5期101-109,共9页Journal of Ethnic Culture

基　　金：农业农村部农村社会事业促进司委托项目“繁荣发展乡村文化”(09205006)。

摘　　要：农业文化遗产地拥有独特的自然与文化资源禀赋,这构成了当地农户生计资本的一部分,分析农业文化遗产地农户生计资本与生计策略的关系对于提高农户生计水平、保护和发展农业文化遗产均具有重要意义。论文以宽城传统板栗栽培系统为例,依据实地调查数据,在评估农户生计资本值的基础上,构建了无序多分类Logistic回归模型。研究表明:(1)农户的文化资本指数相对最高,自然、物质与金融资本相对缺乏,不同类型农户间的生计资本禀赋差异明显;(2)自然、人力和文化资本是农户由非板栗农业型向板栗农业型转型的关键影响因子;物质与金融资本对农户由非板栗农业型向兼农型和非农型生计策略转型具有正向影响,且影响程度逐渐加大;(3)家用汽车拥有情况、家庭借贷水平和收入水平对农户由非板栗农业型向兼农型和非农型生计策略转化均具有正向影响,且影响程度逐渐加大。在上述分析基础上,提出了保护与发展的相关建议,包括:积极依据相关法律法规,制定相应的管理办法,加大政策宣传力度,促进土地流转;通过教育、培训和提高医疗保障水平提升人力资本;加大财政金融支持力度,将普惠金融真正惠及到偏远山区。The unique endowment of natural and cultural resource in the area of Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)constitutes the important part of the farmers’livelihood capital.Analyzing the relationship between farmers’livelihood capital and livelihood strategy is of great significance for improving local farmers’livelihood,protecting and developing the Agricultural Heritage Systems.To take the traditional cultivation system of Chinese chestnut in Kuancheng Manchu Autonomous County as an example,according to the data from field survey,the value of farmers’livelihood capital has been calculated.Then the disordered multi-classification Logistic regression model was adopted to explore the relationship between the farmers’livelihood capital and the livelihood strategy.The results showed as followed:firstly,for the five types of livelihood capital,the cultural capital exhibited the highest index.The natural capital,physical capital and financial capital was relatively scarce.On the other hand,farmers with different livelihood strategy had different livelihood capital endowment.Secondly,the natural capital,human capital and cultural capital were the key influence factors for local farmers to transfer livelihood strategy from non-Chinese chestnut agricultural type to Chinese chestnut agricultural type.The physical capital and financial capital had positive influence for local farmers to transfer from non-Chinese chestnut agricultural type to part-time agricultural type and to non-agricultural type.In fact,the influence had been larger and larger.Thirdly,the factors of family car,lending level and income level had positive influence for local farmers to transfer livelihood strategy from non-Chinese chestnut agricultural type to part-time agricultural type and to non-agricultural type.In fact,the influence had been larger and larger.Based on these conclusions,some policy proposals had been taken.

关 键 词：宽城传统板栗栽培系统 中国重要农业文化遗产 农户 生计资本 生计策略 宽城满族自治县 

分 类 号：C952[社会学—民族学]