抗草甘膦转基因油菜与4个种群野芥菜抗性回交2代(BC2F1)的适合度  

Fitness of the Glyphosate-resistant Second Backcross Generation(BC2F1)Between Glyphosate-resistant Transgenic Oilseed Rape(Brassica napus)and Four Populations of Wild Brassica juncea

作　　者：刘龙男 李鹤卫 张华 强胜 宋小玲 LIU Long-Nan;LI He-Wei;ZHANG Hua;QIANG Sheng;SONG Xiao-Ling(Weed Research Laboratory,College of Life Sciences of Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,杂草研究室,南京210095

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2020年第8期1379-1389,共11页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：转基因生物新品种培育科技重大专项子课题(2016ZX08012005-006);国家自然科学基金(31270579)。

摘　　要：转基因技术快速发展的同时,转基因渗入野生近缘杂草的生态安全问题也备受关注.为评估抗除草剂转基因油菜(Brassica napus)的抗性基因能否成功渗入不同种群野芥菜(wild Brassica juncea)中,本研究测定了抗草甘膦转基因油菜与句容市、南通市、西宁市和西安市4个种群野芥菜的抗草甘膦正向回交2代BC2mF1和反向回交2代BC2pF1(m表示以野芥菜为母本的回交2代,p表示以野芥菜为父本的回交2代)的适合度.通过测定供试回交2代在温室条件下和田间条件下的营养生长和生殖生长的适合度指标,计算总适合度,并比较供试回交2代的总适合度与野芥菜的差异,评价各回交2代在不同种植条件下的适合度.结果表明,4个种群野芥菜的抗性回交2代的总适合度在温室条件下均与野芥菜相当.在田间条件下,句容市、西宁市和西安市种群的抗性正向回交2代和南通市、西安市种群的抗性反向回交2代的总适合度均与野芥菜无显著差异,句容市、西宁市种群的抗性反向回交2代和南通市种群的抗性正向回交2代的总适合度均显著高于野芥菜(P<0.05).综上所述,4个种群抗草甘膦回交2代均具有在野外生存定植的能力,在大面积种植转基因油菜时,务必要防范转基因油菜向不同种群野芥菜的首次基因漂移和通过回交导致的基因渗入.本研究将为抗草甘膦转基因油菜的抗性基因渗入不同种群野芥菜可能导致的生态后果提供数据支持.With the rapid development of genetically modified technology,the environmental biosafety of transgene introgression into wild relatives has attracted much attention.To evaluate whether the transgene endowing glyphosate-resistance to Brassica napus could successfully introgress to the different populations of wild Brassica juncea,the fitness of the glyphosate-resistant second backcross generations BC2mF1 and BC2pF1(m and p represent wild B.juncea as maternal plants and paternal plants,respectively)between 4 populations of wild B.juncea(Jurong,Nantong,Xining,Xi'an)and glyphosate-resistant oilseed rape was studied in the greenhouse and field.Vegetative growth indicators and reproductive growth indicators of these 4 second backcross generations were measured and used to calculate their composite fitness.Furthermore,the differences of the composite fitness between the second backcross generations and wild B.juncea were analyzed.The results showed that the composite fitness of all BC2mF1 and BC2pF1 were similar with that of their respective wild B.juncea under greenhouse conditions.Similarly,in the field,the BC2mF1 of Jurong,Xining,and Xi'an and BC2pF1 of Nantong and Xi'an were equivalent in composite fitness to their respective wild B.juncea,However,composite fitness of BC2pF1 of Jurong,Xining and BC2mF1 of Nantong surpassed that of their respective wild B.juncea progenitor.In conclusion,the glyphosate-resistant BC2mF1 and BC2pF1 of transgenic oilseed rape and the 4 wild B.juncea had a strong survival ability and potential possibility of establishing populations in the field.It was necessary to prevent initial gene flow and introgression to backcrosses between the herbicide-resistant transgenic oilseed rape and wild B.juncea upon commercial release of the transgenic crop.The results will provide data on the possible ecological consequences of the introgress of transgene from glyphosate-resistant transgenic oilseed rape into different populations of wild B.juncea.

关 键 词：抗草甘膦转基因油菜 野芥菜 回交后代 基因渗入 适合度 

分 类 号：S-565[农业科学]