香烟产生不同粒径颗粒物的浓度分布及散发特征  

Concentration Distribution and Emission Characteristics of Cigarettes with Different Particle Sizes

作　　者：李娜 张金萍 李怡[1,2] LI Na;ZHANG Jinping;LI Yi(School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China;Key Laboratory of HVAC,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,北京100044 [2]北京建筑大学“供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程”北京市重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《建筑科学》2020年第8期14-20,共7页Building Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“室内香烛燃烧产生的多环芳烃的散发特征、分配规律及暴露风险”(51378043);国家重点研发计划“室内微生物污染源头识别监测和综合控制技术”(2017YFC0702800)。

摘　　要：本文在温湿度可调的洁净环境舱内对3类6种香烟(烤烟型A、雪茄型A、混合型A、B、C、D)燃烧产生的颗粒物PM1.0、PM2.5和PM10的浓度变化进行了逐时测试,并确定了不同种香烟颗粒物的散发特征,同时分析了温度、湿度、焦油含量对香烟颗粒物散发特征的影响。结果表明:1)在固定温度为23℃、相对湿度为40%时香烟燃烧产生的颗粒物中的98%以上为细微颗粒物PM1.0,PM1.0、PM2.5和PM10的散发因子的规律均为烤烟型>混合型>雪茄型,且散发因子范围在7.61~16.54mg/g范围内;2)保持40%的湿度不变,随着温度从15℃增加到23℃和35℃,混合型A香烟释放颗粒物的质量浓度、散发特征无明显变化;3)保持温度为23℃不变,随着湿度从40%增加到55%和70%,烤烟型A、雪茄型A和混合型A香烟释放颗粒物PM1.0、PM2.5和PM10的散发因子和散发速率均出现了下降的趋势;4)香烟中焦油含量越高,散发颗粒物的质量浓度和散发因子越高,对人体健康影响越大。研究结果可为了解香烟散发颗粒物的特征及控制香烟污染提供基础数据。In this paper, in the clean environment cabin with adjustable temperature and humidity, the concentrations of particulate matters PM1.0,PM2.5 and PM10 produced by the 6 types of 3 categories of cigarettes(cured tobacco type A,cigar type A,mixed types A,B,C,and D) were tested hourly,and the effects of temperature,humidity,and tar content on the emission characteristics of particulate matters were analyzed.The results show that: 1) 98% of the particulates produced by cigarette combustion at a temperature of 23 ℃ and a relative humidity of 40% are fine particles PM1.0,and the emission factor of PM1.0 of the flue-cured tobacco type is the highest,followed by that of the mixed type,and that of the cigar type is the lowest.The emission factor ranges from 7.61 to 16.54 mg/g.2) At a humidity of 40%,as the temperature increases from 15 ℃ to 23 ℃ and 35 ℃,the mass concentration and emission characteristics of the particulates released by the hybrid a cigarette change little.3)When the temperature is 23 ℃,as the humidity increases from 40% to 55% and 70%,the emission factors and emission rates of PM1.0,PM2.5 and PM10 released by flue-cured tobacco,cigar and mixed cigarettes present a downward trend.4) The higher the tar content in cigarettes,the higher the mass concentration and emission factor of emitted particulate matter,and the greater the impact on human health.The research results can provide basic data for understanding the characteristics of particulate matter emitted by cigarettes and controlling cigarette pollution.

关 键 词：香烟 环境舱 颗粒物PM1.0、PM2.5、PM10 散发特征 温度湿度 焦油含量 

分 类 号：TU831[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]