气体钻井钻柱拉应力对纵波特性的影响  

The Effect of Tensile Stress on Longitudinal Wave Characteristics of Drill String for Gas Drilling

作　　者：王庆[1] 管志川[1] 刘永旺[1] 谢虹桥 张波 胜亚楠 赵国山 Wang Qing;Guan Zhichuan;Liu Yongwang;Xie Hongqiao;Zhang Bo;Sheng Yanan;Zhao Guoshan(Shandong Ultra-Deep Drilling Process Control Tech R&D Center,School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(Huadong);State Key Laboratory of Shale Oil and Gas Enrichment Mechanisms and Effective Development,Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering;Oil and Gas Engineering Research Institute,PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company;Drilling Engineering Research Institute,Sinopec Zhongyuan Petroleum Engineering Co.,Ltd.;Drilling Engineering Technology Company,Sinopec Shengli Petroleum Engineering Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院山东省深地钻井过程控制工程技术研究中心,山东省青岛市266580 [2]中国石化石油工程技术研究院页岩油气富集机理与有效开发国家重点实验室 [3]中国石油塔里木油田分公司油气工程研究院 [4]中石化中原石油工程有限公司钻井工程技术研究院 [5]中石化胜利石油工程有限公司钻井工程技术公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2020年第9期1-7,共7页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“隔水管内气液两相流声传播特性与深水钻井气侵监测方法”(51574275);“钻柱信道内多源激励声信号的特征表征及识别检测”(51404285);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“钻柱内应力对声传播特性的影响研究”(18CX06014A)。

摘　　要：为分析气体钻井钻柱中拉应力对纵波传播特性的影响,提升声信号传输质量及距离,采用声弹理论建立了应力-纵波波速分析模型,对波速随拉应力的变化规律进行了分析,并利用研制的试验装置测试了纵波波速及频谱特性随拉应力的变化规律。研究结果表明:拉应力是钻柱中纵波特性的重要限制因素,波速随拉应力增加呈线性减小,实际钻柱中的声-应力系数需进行标定;随拉应力增大,频谱低频与中频段表现出通带发生偏移、带宽变窄、幅值降低及衰减为阻带的不利变化,高频段通阻带特性相互转变尤为明显。所得结果可用来指导气体钻井钻柱中声载波参数优选及系统结构设计,从而降低拉应力对钻柱中声信号的不利影响。To analyze the influence of tensile stress of drill string on the propagation characteristics of longitudinal waves during gas drilling,and to improve the quality and distance of acoustic signal transmission,a stress-longitudinal wave velocity analysis model is established using acoustic elastic theory.The law of wave velocity changes with tensile stress is analyzed.The developed test device is used to test the changes of longitudinal wave velocity and frequency spectrum characteristics with tensile stress.The research results show that tensile stress is an important limiting factor for longitudinal wave characteristics in drill string.The wave velocity decreases linearly with the increase of tensile stress.The acoustic-stress coefficient in the actual drill string needs to be calibrated.With the increase of tensile stress,the low and middle frequency spectrum shows a shifted passband,narrowed bandwidth,reduced amplitude,and amplitude attenuation to unfavorable stopband.The interconversion of high frequency pass and stop band characteristics are particularly obvious.The results obtained can be used to guide the selection of acoustic carrier parameters and system structure design of drill string for gas drilling,thereby reducing the adverse effects of tensile stress on acoustic signals on the drill string.

关 键 词：气体钻井 纵波特性 拉应力 波速 通带特性 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]