清代改土归流后地方社会控制权的交替--以湘西永顺地区为例  

Control Power Replacement of Society After Bureaucratization of Native Officers in Qing Dynasty:Take Yongshun in Western Hunan as an Example

作　　者：张凯[1] 成臻铭[2] ZHANG Kai;CHENG Zhen-ming(College of Marxism,Hunan Normal University,Changsha,Hunan 410081,China;College of History and Culture,Jishou University,Jisho,Hunan 416000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学,湖南长沙410081 [2]吉首大学,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《贵州民族研究》2020年第8期124-131,共8页Guizhou Ethnic Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大招标项目“中国土司制度通史(多卷本)”(项目编号:18ZDA173);中国博士后科学基金第65批面上资助“乡村振兴战略下西南少数民族传统村落的文化重构研究”(项目编号:2019M652782)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：清代改土归流之后,土司群体逐渐消失,土目群体代土司群体而起继续把持着地方的控制权,其身份也由“土目”逐渐转变为“士绅”。而后,改土归流地区的移民逐渐增多,客民在积累了一定的财富后也开始主动寻求变换身份。到了晚清时期,客籍士绅群体逐渐成为改土归流地区不可忽视的地方势力,并与土籍士绅群体分享着地方社会的控制权,地方社会由此发展到了一个新的阶段。After Bureaucratization of Native Office,the tusi system is over,the power was in the hands of Tumu,Their identity from Tumu to gentleman,Afterwards,there become more and more immigrants in Yongshun,They accumulated some wealth and seek identity change,In the late Qing Dynasty,the guest-civil have to be the Gentleman and gradually become profoundly empowered in Yongshun,This moment,the Power be shared by the aboriginal people and guest-civil,The society of Yongshun had developed into a new stage.

关 键 词：土目群体 士绅群体 控制权 权力交替 

分 类 号：D621[政治法律—政治学]