产业集聚是否导致“污染天堂”——基于全国239个地级市的数据分析  

Whether Industrial Agglomeration Leads to“Pollution Paradise”:Based on the Data Analysis of 239 Prefecture-level Cities in China

作　　者：江三良[1] 邵宇浩 JIANG San-Liang;SHAO Yu-Hao

机构地区：[1]安徽大学经济学院

出　　处：《产经评论》2020年第4期109-118,共10页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“长江经济带城市群联动发展对区域一体化的影响作用及政策选择研究”(项目编号:19BJL051,负责人:胡艳)。

摘　　要：产业集聚和二氧化碳排放量增加是伴生于经济发展的两大现象。产业集聚影响碳排放量,但产业集聚与碳排放之间的关系究竟是正外部性还是负外部性,目前尚无定论。运用中国239个地级市2004年至2016年的数据实证分析产业集聚和碳排放量之间的关系。结果显示:第一产业集聚在东部地区和西部地区能够有效减少碳排放量。第二产业集聚无疑显著正向影响碳排放量,且在西部地区的影响要高于东部地区和中部地区。第三产业集聚与碳排放量呈负相关关系,东部地区产业集聚对环境的改善效果弱于西部和中部地区。值得注意的是,对外开放度显著增加我国地级市的碳排放量。地级市政府为追求经济绩效,以较低的环境标准,吸引大量外资涌入,可能导致中国成为发达国家的“污染天堂”。设置较高的环境规制标准,增强环保意识,优化引资结构,是地级市政府的当务之急。Industrial agglomeration and the increase of carbon dioxide emissions are two major phenomena associated with economic development.Empirical analysis of the relationship between industrial agglomeration and carbon emissions in 239 prefecture-level cities in China shows that:the concentration of primary industries in the eastern and western regions can effectively reduce carbon emissions.Undoubtedly,the agglomeration of secondary industry has a significant positive impact on carbon emissions,and the impact in western regions is higher than that in eastern and central region.The tertiary industry agglomeration has a negative correlation with the carbon emission,and the improvement in the eastern region is weaker than that in the western and central regions.In particular,openness to the outside world can significantly increase the carbon emissions of prefecture-level cities in China.In pursuit of economic performance,prefecture-level municipal governments attract a large amount of foreign investment with low environmental standards,which may lead to China becoming a“pollution paradise”for developed countries.It is urgent for prefecture-level governments to set higher environmental regulation standards,enhance awareness and optimize the structure of investment attraction.

关 键 词：产业集聚 碳排放量 污染天堂 实证分析 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]