绿色农药创新及靶标研究现状与思考  

Current Situation and Thinking for the Innovation of Green Pesticide

作　　者：吴剑[1] 宋宝安[1] Wu Jian;Song Bao-An(State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering/Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering of Ministry of Educatiom,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学绿色农药与农业生物工程国家重点实验室培育基地/教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《中国科学基金》2020年第4期486-494,共9页Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21732002、21762012);“高效低风险农药学科创新引智基地”(111引智基地D20023)的资助。

摘　　要：绿色农药是我国现代农业发展的重要方向和世界农业发展的主流。近年来,我国涌现了50余种新颖的绿色农药和一批新先导及候选品种,发现了包括HrBP1、DLST等在内的一批潜在靶标,发展了靶标导向的农药创新思路,创制出毒氟磷、氰烯菌酯和环吡氟草酮等绿色农药品种,在绿色农药筛选模型、农药分子合理设计、免疫诱抗剂研发和应用等领域均取得了长足进步,已成为世界上为数不多的具有新农药创制能力的国家。但在原创性分子结构、原创性靶标及重磅绿色农药品种等方面,我国仍受制于一些国际知名农药公司。近些年国际上新上市的农药中,不乏有新机制和新靶标产品,也有一批潜在新靶标被陆续报道,特别是新生物技术引领、生物信息技术应用及多学科推进已逐步融合到绿色农药创新中,已成为新一轮农药科技创新浪潮的鲜明特征。因此,亟需基于作物病虫草害的关键靶酶、致病蛋白和调控蛋白等的发现,布局绿色农药原创性靶标和分子创新研究,构建基于天然产物结构及潜在靶标的农药分子合理设计、仿生合成和分子靶标挖掘、发现与验证等技术于一体的绿色农药创新技术体系,来引领农药基础前沿研究、提升农药原始创新能力。Green pesticide plays an important role in modern agricultural development in China and is the mainstream of agricultural development in the world.In recent years,more than 50 new green pesticides and a number of candidates have emerged in China;a lot of potential targets such as HRBP1,DLST,etc.have been found.Target oriented ideas for innovation of pesticides have been developed.Green pesticide varieties such as dufulin,phenamacril and cypyrafluone have been discovered.Great progress in bio-assay screening model,molecular design and synthesis,immune inducers have been made in China.China has become a country with the ability for pesticide innovation.However,it is still falling behand international famous companies in terms of original structure,target and core competitiveness.In recent years,there were many products with new mechanisms and target in market by these companies,and a number of potential targets have been reported.Especially the application of bio information technology and interdisciplinary integration of multi-disciplinary has become a distinctive feature for the new round of pesticide innovation.Therefore,based on the discovery of key target enzymes,pathogenic proteins and regulatory proteins of crop diseases,insects and weeds,laying out the original target and molecular innovation research of green pesticides,building agreen pesticide innovation technology system based on natural product structure,potential target,rational design,biomimetic synthesis,molecular target digging,discovery and verification.The corresponding works could lead the basic research and improve the original innovation ability for pesticides.

关 键 词：绿色农药 创制 靶标 科学问题 基础研究 

分 类 号：TQ450.1[化学工程—农药化工] F426.72[经济管理—产业经济]