稻瘟病综合防控技术研究进展  

Advance of Integrated Control Technology of Rice Blast

作　　者：刘明津[1] 汪文娟[1] 冯爱卿[1] 杨健源[1] 陈凯玲[1] 陈深[1] 封金奇 陈炳[1] 苏菁[1] LIU Mingjin;WANG Wenjuan;FENG Aiqing;YANG Jianyuan;CHEN Kailing;CHEN Shen;FENG Jinqi;CHEN Bing;SU Jing(Plant Protection Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/ Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection, Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第9期1285-1294,共10页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(2018B030311035);水稻产业体系(CARS-01-32,2019KJ105);广州市科技计划(202002030001);广东省科技计划(2019B020217003);广东省农业科学院学科团队建设项目(201613TD)。

摘　　要：水稻(Oryza sativa)是全球重要粮食作物,其高产和安全稳产直接关系国民经济的稳定和发展。稻瘟病是最具毁灭性的水稻病害,严重威胁水稻的安全生产。控制稻瘟病,提高稻瘟病综合防控能力一直是保障粮食生产安全的重要环节。“十三五”以来,国家在粮食生产上提出了绿色发展战略。在过去10年间,国内外科学家在稻瘟病的防控技术方面取得了长足进展,为水稻病害的绿色安全防控技术铺平了道路。本文回顾了稻瘟病田间监测技术的智能化、预测预报数据建模系统优化、低毒高效化学农药、生物源农药及诱抗剂研发以及品种与栽培多生态因子调控等方面的研究进展,总结了基于这些技术的稻瘟病绿色防控新策略,讨论了稻瘟病防治面临的药价偏高、农药残留的问题,低毒经济型生物源农药开发缓慢的挑战,展望了基于分子靶标、小干扰RNA(siRNA)以及CRISPR/Cas9技术,多因子综合控制技术的绿色防控发展方向。As one of the most important crops in the world,the security of rice yield is essential for the stability and sustainable development of national economy.However,rice blast is one of the most devastating diseases which threaten the stable production of rice worldwide.The ability to improve integrated management of the disease is a crucial step for the yield safety.Since the China’s 13th Five-Year Plan,Chinese government has put forward green development strategy in food production.In the past decade,tremendous progress has been made in rice blast prevention and control technology,which paved the way for the green control of rice disease.This review focuses on recent progress of the intellectualization of monitoring technology in rice field,the optimization of modeling system in prediction data,the development of chemical pesticides with low toxicity and high efficiency,biogenic pesticides,inducer,and the regulation of multiple ecological factors with rice varieties and cultivation,etc.The new strategies in green control of blast disease and the green and safe technology and strategy for disease control were summarized.The problems of high price and pesticide residue as well as the challenge of slow development in economical low toxic bio-pesticides for rice blast were also discussed.Finally,the future multi-factor integrated control based on molecular target,small interfering RNA(siRNA)and CRISPR/Cas9 technology on the green control were prospected.

关 键 词：水稻 稻瘟病 综合防控 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]