天津市婴儿过敏性疾病影响因素病例对照研究  

A Case-control Study on Affect Factors of Infant Allergic Disease in Tianjin

作　　者：刘宏彦[1] 冷俊宏[1] 刘恩庆[1] 王岳[1] 乔毅娟[1] LIU Hongyan;LENG Junhong;LIU Enqing;WANG Yue;Qiao Yijuan(Tianjin Women and Children's Health Centre,Tianjin 300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市妇女儿童保健中心,天津300070

出　　处：《中国皮肤性病学杂志》2020年第9期1067-1072,共6页The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology

摘　　要：目的探讨天津地区婴儿过敏性疾病发生情况及其相关危险因素,为今后儿童过敏性疾病的防治工作提供一定的理论依据。方法采用问卷调查就诊于天津市妇女儿童保健中心筛查门诊的婴儿过敏情况,对收集的数据进行统计分析。结果纳入病例组婴儿701例,对照组婴儿516例,两组在一般情况上差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。婴儿家长报告儿童过敏性疾病的发生比例为57.60%。结果显示,两组婴儿在母孕期服药史、母孕期常使用消毒剂或驱蚊剂、母孕期服用复合维生素、母孕期服用钙剂、母孕期服用益生菌、婴儿父亲有过敏性疾病、婴儿母亲有过敏性疾病、婴儿分娩方式、婴儿接触毛绒玩具、婴儿常使用清洁用品、婴儿服药史、婴儿喂养方式等方面差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。回归分析显示母孕期服药史(OR=1.31)、婴儿母亲有过敏性疾病(OR=1.97)、婴儿剖宫产(OR=1.47)、婴儿接触毛绒玩具(OR=1.43)、婴儿常使用清洁用品(OR=1.54)、婴儿服药史(OR=2.44)是过敏性疾病发生的危险因素;母孕期服用复合维生素(OR=1.36)、母孕期服用益生菌(OR=1.36)是过敏性疾病发生的保护因素。结论普及过敏科普知识,加大宣传力度,减少孕期和婴儿期相关危险因素的暴露,可预防过敏性疾病的发生。Objective To investigate the factors to infants allergic disease,to provide the theoretical basis for seeking the effective intervention measures of infant allergic diseases.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect allergic disease information on infants who were screened in Tianjin Women and Children′s Health Centre.Statistical analysis was performed on the data obtained.Results Seven hundred and one infants with case group and five hundred and sixteen infants with control group were included.The baseline characteristics were similar between the two groups(P>0.05).The overall prevalence rate reported from parents was 57.60%.There were significant differences between the two groups in taking medicine history,using disinfectants and insect repellents,taking multivitamins,taking calcium,taking probiotics during pregnancy,family history of allergic diseases,mode of delivery,infant and plush toys,infant and cleaning supplies,infant medication history,feeding method(P<0.05).Regression analysis reveal that taking medicine history during pregnancy(OR=1.31),mother allergy history(OR=1.97),cesarean section(OR=1.47),infant and plush toys(OR=1.43),infant and cleaning supplies(OR=1.54),infant medication history(OR=2.44)were risk factors.Taking multivitamins(OR=1.36)and probiotics during pregnancy(OR=1.36)were protection factor.Conclusion In order to prevent allergic disease,we should popularize allergic science knowledge,improve publicity,reduce exposure to risk factors during pregnancy and early infancy.

关 键 词：过敏性疾病 婴儿 危险因素 

分 类 号：R758.2[医药卫生—皮肤病学与性病学]