角度估计辅助量子密钥分发的毫米波大规模MIMO系统安全传输方案  

Secure Transmission Scheme of Millimeter Wave Massive MIMO SystemBased on Angle Estimation Assisted Quantum Key Distribution

作　　者：张博[1] 李飞[1] 季薇[1] 郑宝玉[1] Zhang Bo;Li Fei;Ji Wei;Zheng Baoyu(College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering,Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210003,China)

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学通信与信息工程学院,江苏南京210003

出　　处：《信号处理》2020年第8期1263-1271,共9页Journal of Signal Processing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(61871238,61771254)。

摘　　要：毫米波大规模多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output,MIMO)技术是第五代移动通信的关键技术之一,该技术能够同时服务于多用户,显著提高系统吞吐量,但在数据高速传输的同时,也会面临很多安全威胁,容易受到攻击。现有的安全传输方案通常采用经典加密算法来保障通信安全,其安全性基于算法的计算复杂度,无法察觉窃听。量子密钥分发基于量子力学基本原理使通信双方产生并分享一个随机密钥,且一旦有第三方试图窃听则通信双方便会察觉,因此具有更高的安全性。本文提出一种基于量子密钥分发的毫米波大规模MIMO系统安全传输方案,同时用角度估计的方法产生参考序列作为量子密钥分发选择量子基的依据,既利用量子态的特性保证了通信系统的安全,又利用了毫米波大规模MIMO通信系统的信号角度信息以提高密钥效率。实验结果表明,本文所提利用角度信息的方案相较于直接利用量子密钥分发,在充分保障系统通信安全的同时,密钥生成效率也有显著提升。Millimeter wave massive multiple input multiple output(MIMO)technology is one of the key technologies of the fifth-generation of mobile communication.It can serve multiple users at the same time,greatly improve the system throughput.However,it will face many security threats and be vulnerable to attacks because of the high-speed data transmission,Existing schemes usually use encryption algorithms to encrypt information to ensure the security.Its security is based on the computational complexity of the algorithms and it cannot detect eavesdropping.Quantum key distribution is based on the basic principle of quantum mechanics,which makes the two sides of communication generate and share a random key.Once a third party tries to eavesdrop,the two sides of communication will notice,so it has higher security.In this paper,a secure transmission scheme is proposed to integrate quantum key distribution into millimeter wave massive MIMO system.The method of angle estimation is used to generate a reference sequence as the basis for quantum key distribution to select quantum bases.It not only uses the characteristics of quantum states to ensure the security of system,but also uses the angle information of signal in wireless communication system to improve the efficiency of key generation.The experimental results show that the scheme proposed in this paper cannot only guarantee the security of the system,but also improve the efficiency of key generation.

关 键 词：毫米波大规模多输入多输出 通信安全 角度估计 量子密钥分发 密钥生成效率 

分 类 号：TN918.91[电子电信—通信与信息系统]