选区激光熔化成型316L不锈钢多孔结构的力学性能  

Mechanical properties of 316L stainless steel porous structure formed by selective laser melting

作　　者：曾寿金 吴启锐 叶建华 Zeng Shoujin;Wu Qirui;Ye Jianhua(School of Mechanical&Automotive Engineering,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou 350118,China)

机构地区：[1]福建工程学院机械与汽车工程学院,福建福州350118

出　　处：《红外与激光工程》2020年第8期59-67,共9页Infrared and Laser Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51575110);福建省自然科学基金(2016J01202);福建工程学院科研启动基金(GY-Z19118,GY-Z19014)。

摘　　要：为了减轻或消除人工植入体的"应力屏蔽"效应,提高生物相容性,需要对选区激光熔化(SLM)技术成型多孔结构进行力学性能研究。通过制备316L不锈钢体心立方(BCC)、正十二面体(RD)两种多孔结构,分别进行成型件纵向压缩试验,建立了Gibson-Ashby模型,预测了多孔结构弹性模量值。采用分形插值法,分析了孔隙率、平均孔径、比表面积对多孔结构弹性模量和抗压强度的影响程度。分析试验表明,316L不锈钢多孔结构样件在孔隙率为55.13%~94.74%,平均孔径为1.90~4.22 mm,比表面积0.54~4.33时,其弹性模量为0.375~1.716 GPa,抗压强度为43.19~160.31 MPa。对比人骨弹性模量0.9~1.7 GPa,满足植入体要求。孔隙率、平均孔径、比表面积对正十二面体多孔结构的弹性模量和抗压强度的幅值变化影响较小,对体心立方多孔结构影响较大。正十二面体多孔结构抗压强度为111.75~160.31 MPa,体心立方多孔结构的抗压强度为43.19~158.03 MPa,正十二面体多孔结构的力学性能比体心立方结构性能更好,为选区激光熔化技术制备316L不锈钢多孔结构的人工植入体研究提供依据。In order to reduce or eliminate the"stress shielding"effect of artificial implants and improve the biocompatibility,mechanical properties of porous structures formed by selective laser melting(SLM)technology need to be studied.Through the preparation of 316 L stainless steel body core cubic(BCC)and regular dodecahedron(RD)porous structures,the longitudinal compression test of the molded parts was carried out respectively,and the Gibson-Ashby model was established to predict the elastic modulus value of the porous structure.The effects of porosity,average pore diameter and specific surface area on elastic modulus and compressive strength of porous structures were analyzed by fractal interpolation.The analysis results show that when the porosity of 316 L stainless steel porous structure sample is 55.13%-94.74%,the average pore diameter is1.90-4.22 mm,and the specific surface area is 0.54-4.33,the elastic modulus is 0.375-1.716 GPa,and the compressive strength is 43.19-160.31 MPa.The elastic modulus of human bone was 0.9-1.7 GPa,which meets the requirements of implants.Porosity,average pore diameter and specific surface area have little influence on the elastic modulus and the amplitude of compressive strength of the dodecahedral porous structure,but have greater influence on the body-centered cubic porous structure.The compressive strength of the dodecahedron porous structure is 111.75-160.31 MPa,and the compressive strength of the body centered cubic porous structure is43.19-158.03 MPa.The performance of the dodecahedron porous structure is better than that of the body centered cubic structure.This paper provides the basis for the research on the preparation of 316 L stainless steel porous structure by selective laser melting.

关 键 词：选区激光熔化 孔隙率 平均孔径 比表面积 分形插值法 Gibson-Ashby模型 

分 类 号：TB31[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TN249[电子电信—物理电子学]