昆明周边主要林型地表可燃物的燃烧特性研究  

Combustibility of Surface Fuels in Major Forest Types Around Kunming

作　　者：闫想想 王秋华 李晓娜[2] 龙腾腾 叶彪[3] 陈启良 张文文 Yan Xiangxiang;Wang Qiuhua;Li Xiaona;Long Tengteng;Ye Biao;Chen Qiliang;Zhang Wenwen(College of Civil Engineering/Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control,Kunming Yunnan 650233,China;School of Geography and Ecotoursim,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650233,China;Yunnan Forest Nature Center,Kunming Yunnan 650233,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学土木工程学院/云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点试验室,云南昆明650233 [2]西南林业大学地理与生态旅游学院,云南昆明650233 [3]云南森林自然中心,云南昆明650233

出　　处：《西南林业大学学报（自然科学）》2020年第5期135-142,共8页Journal of Southwest Forestry University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31660210,31960318)资助;云南省农业联合面上项目(2018FG001-055)资助;云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(2019Y0145)资助。

摘　　要：通过对昆明周边的云南森林自然中心6种主要林型开展外业调查、地表可燃物采样,并在实验室内模拟燃烧,测定并计算了地表可燃物的点着时间、火焰维持时间、无焰燃烧维持时间、蔓延时间,火焰高度、长度,火焰温度、无焰燃烧温度,火焰热辐射、无焰燃烧热辐射和火强度等燃烧性参数,分析了地表可燃物的特征及火行为。结果表明:对于不同种类的可燃物,无论是上坡火还是下坡火,基于火强度的研究,可燃物的燃烧性从强到弱的顺序为云南松(98.61 kW/m)、冲天柏(48.34 kW/m)、华山松幼林(44.09 kW/m)、华山松成林(19.72 kW/m)、栓皮栎(4.13 kW/m),柳杉和藏柏均为无焰燃烧的状态。对于同一种可燃物,上坡火的火强度大于下坡火的火强度。研究结果为昆明周边的森林可燃物管理、火险区划和林火管理提供参考。Through the field surveying of 6 major forest types and the sampling of surface fuels in the Yunnan Forest Nature Center around Kunming,the simulated burning experiments of surface fuels were carried out in the laboratory and the characters of fire behavior were calculated,including the igniting time,flame maintenance time,flameless combustion maintenance time,spread time,flame height and length,flame temperature,flameless combustion temperature,flame heat radiation,flameless combustion heat radiation and fire intensity.The results showed that for uphill fire or downhill fire,based on the study for fire intensity from different types of fuels,the order of combustion of fuels from strong to weak is:Pinus yunnanensis(98.61 kW/m),Cupressus duclouxiana(48.34 kW/m),the young forest of P.armandii(44.09 kW/m),P.armandii(19.72 kW/m),Quercus variabilis(4.13 kW/m),Cryptomeria fortunei and Cupressus cashmeriana are flameless state.For the same fuels,the fire intensity of the uphill fire is greater than that of the downhill fire.The study can provide reference for forest fuels and fire management,fire risk zoning in Kunming region.

关 键 词：火强度 烧损率 火行为 地表可燃物 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]