秸秆还田条件下不同氮肥用量对冬小麦产量及氮肥利用效率的影响  

Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Amounts Under Straw Returning:Effects on the Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat

作　　者：崔俊讲 周明先 张红英 矫岩林[3] 王冬梅[3] 辛庆国[3] 严美玲[3] Cui Junjiang;Zhou Mingxian;Zhang Hongying;Jiao Yanlin;Wang Dongmei;Xin Qingguo;Yan Meiling(Agro-technical Extension Stations of Jiangshan Town,Laixi 266603,Shandong,China;Development zone management committeein in Laixi,Laixi 266603,Shandong,China;Yantai Academy of Agriculture Science,Yantai 265500,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]莱西市姜山镇农业技术推广站,山东莱西266603 [2]莱西市经济开发区管委会,山东莱西266603 [3]山东省烟台市农业科学研究院,山东烟台265500

出　　处：《农学学报》2020年第8期47-51,56,共6页Journal of Agriculture

基　　金：烟台市科技计划项目“小麦绿色高产高效栽培技术研究与示范”(2018NCGY054);山东省现代农业产业技术体系“小麦产业创新团队建设项目”(SDAIT-01-02);农业农村部财政部“国家小麦产业技术体系烟台综合实验站项目”(CARS-3-2-23)。

摘　　要：为了明确高产优质小麦‘烟农999’的适宜氮肥施用量。以高产优质冬小麦‘烟农999’为材料,研究了秸秆还田和非秸秆还田条件下不同氮肥施用量对冬小麦的产量及氮肥利用效率的影响。结果表明:‘烟农999’籽粒产量各处理大小顺序为:N240>N300>N180>N120>Ns180>Nck,生物产量表现的规律性与籽粒产量基本一致。秸秆还田可以显著提高籽粒产量和生物产量以及产量三因素。适宜的施氮量范围为180~240 kg/hm2时,氮肥的农学利用效率较高,说明施用氮肥的增产效果较好。2个品种相比较,‘烟农999’生物产量、经济产量均高于‘济麦22’,分别提高5.1%,4.0%。‘烟农999’氮肥偏生产力、氮肥农学利用率均高于‘济麦22’,分别提高4.18%、28.8%。The paper aims to study the appropriate fertilizer amount for high-yield and good-quality wheat ‘Yannong 999’. We studied the effects of different nitrogen(N) fertilizer amounts under the condition of straw returning and non-straw returning on the yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat. The results showed that: the grain yield of‘Yannong 999’decreased in an order of: N240>N300>N180>N120>Ns180>Nck, the regularity of biomass performance was basically the same as grain yield;the straw returning could significantly increase the grain yield, biomass yield and yield of wheat;when N application rate was 180-240 kg/hm2,nitrogen agronomic efficiency of‘Yannong 999’was higher than that of other treatments, indicating nitrogen application could increase the grain yield. The biomass and economic yield of‘Yannong 999’was higher than that of‘Jimai 22’, by 5.1% and 4.0%, respectively;the partial productivity and agronomic efficiency of nitrogen of‘Yannong 999’was higher than that of‘Jimai 22’, by 4.18% and 28.8%, respectively.

关 键 词：冬小麦 产量 秸秆还田 氮肥利用效率 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]