标准与技术法规的关系及在国家治理中的作用探讨——来自于美国的法规启示  

The Relationship between Standards and Technical Regulations and their Role in National Governance——The Enlightenment from the Regulations in the United States

作　　者：陈燕申[1] 赵一新[1] CHEN Yan-shen;ZHAO Yi-xin(China Academy of Urban Planning and Design)

机构地区：[1]中国城市规划设计研究院

出　　处：《中国标准化》2020年第9期221-226,共6页China Standardization

摘　　要：标准与法规的关系是充分发挥标准在国家治理体系中作用的关键因素。通过分析美国的标准和法规关系,技术法规采用WTO/TBT的定义和必须采用标准的法制,以及标准和技术法规作为服务于国家政策目标的工具的制定和使用政策。文章提出中国标准化应当把标准作为实现国家战略的政策目标工具运用;探讨强制性标准在承担技术法规职责时需突破的自身的局限性;标准化改革应继续深入,包括政府在标准化中的角色定位,技术法规带动标准“走出去”的途径,标准化需要实现目标跨越,以及实现标准创新和采用最新科技成果的途径。The relationship between standards and regulations is the key factor to give full play to the role of standards in the national governance system.This paper analyzes the relationship between standards and regulations in the United States,the definition of WTO/TBT in terms of technical regulations and the legal provisions that standards must be adopted,as well as the development and use of standards and technical regulations as tools to serve national policy objectives.It puts forward the suggestions that China's standardization should be used as a tool to implement the policy objectives of the national strategy,explore the limitations of mandatory standards that are need to be broken through when assuming the responsibility of technical regulations,and continue to deepen the standardization reform,including the role of government in standardization,the way of"going out"of standards driven by technical regulations,as well as the way for standardization to achieve the goals,achieve standard innovation and adopt the latest scientific and technological achievements.

关 键 词：美国 标准 技术法规 国家治理 政策 政策工具 

分 类 号：D971.2[政治法律—法学] DD912.1[经济管理—国民经济] F203