汉语声调对发育性语音障碍儿童塞音偏误的影响研究  

The Influence of Chinese Tones on the Errors of Stop Consonant in Children with Developmental Speech Disorder

作　　者：易爱文 李素萍 黄双苗 李贤英[3] 蒙朦 Yi Aiwen;Li Suping;Huang Shuangmiao;Li Xianying;Meng Meng(Department of Children Neuro-rehabilitation,Foshan ChanchengCentral Hospital,Foshan,528000,China;Department of Applied Psychology,School of Humanities and Communication,Guangdong University of Finance and Economics;不详)

机构地区：[1]佛山市禅城区中心医院小儿神经康复科,佛山528000 [2]广东财经大学人文与传播学院应用心理学系 [3]广东省妇幼保健院康复医学科

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2020年第5期502-505,共4页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：广东省医学科研基金项目(A2017079)。

摘　　要：目的探讨汉语声调对发育性语音障碍儿童塞音偏误的影响,为其临床康复治疗提供理论依据。方法选取4~6岁发育性语音障碍儿童28例(患儿组)及年龄相仿的正常儿童25例(正常组),以跟读复述的方式录取6个塞音(/b/、/d/、/g/、/p/、/t/、/k/)与单韵母/a/组成的包括汉语普通话四个声调的24个单音节词,通过praat语音分析软件提取各单音节词语的嗓音起始时间(voice onset time,VOT)值,采用混合方差分析的方法,分析两组在四种不同声调上同一塞音的VOT值差异。结果两组组别主效应显著,患儿组与正常组之间各音节VOT值存在统计学差异(P<0.001):正常组声调类型与声母类型交互作用不显著(P>0.05);患儿组声调类型与声母类型交互作用显著(P<0.001),声母/b/的VOT:/ba/1</ba/4(即/b/的第1声</ba/的第4声,下同)(P<0.05);声母/d/的VOT:/da/1</da/2、/da/3、/da/4(P<0.05);声母/g/的VOT:/ga/4</ga/1、/ga/2、/ga/3(P<0.001);声母/p/的VOT:/pa/4</pa/1、/pa/2、/pa/3(P<0.05);声母/t/的VOT:/ta/4</ta/1、/ta/2、/ta/3(P<0.05);声母/k/的VOT:/ka/4</ka/1、/ka/2、/ka/3(P<0.05)。四声对于塞音偏误率的影响最大,其次是二声、三声,最后是一声。结论汉语声调对发育性语音障碍儿童的塞音发音有影响,康复训练时需结合声调对偏误语音进行训练,在词汇的选择上需优先考虑一声调词汇,其次为二声、三声,最后再训练四声调词汇。Objective To investigate the influence of Chinese tones on the errors of stop consonant in children with developmental speech disorder,and to provide theoretical basis for clinical rehabilitation.Methods Twenty-eight children with developmental speech disorder and 25 normal children,age from 4 to 6 years old were included in this study.The praat speech analysis software was used to analyze the difference of VOT to stop consonant(/ba/,/da/,/ga/,/pa/,/ta/,/ka/),and considered of four tones(tone1/tone2/tone3/tone4),composed of 24 monosyllabic words.The VOT of monosyllabic words was extracted by Praat software,and the VOTs of the same stop consonant in four different tones between the two groups were analyzed by mixed variance analysis.Results The main effect of group was significant(P<0.001).The interaction among group,tone type and consonant type was significant(P<0.001):the interaction between tone type and consonant type was not significant in the normal children group(P>0.05);while in the disorder children group,the interaction between tone type and consonant type was significant(P<0.001):for the VOT of consonant/b/,/ba/1</ba/4(P<0.05);for the VOT of consonant/d/,/da/1</da/2,/da/3,/da/4(P<0.05);for the VOT of consonant/g/,/ga/4</ga/1,/ga/2,/ga/3(P<0.001);for the VOT of consonant/p/,/pa/4</pa/1,/pa/2,/pa/3(P<0.05);for the VOT of consonant/t/,/ta/4</ta/1,/ta/2,/ta/3(P<0.05);for the VOT of consonant/k/,/ka/4</ka/1,/ka/2,/ka/3(P<0.05).It was concluded that the tone 4 had the greatest influence on the error rate of stop consonants,the second were tone 2 and tone 3,and the last was tone 4.Conclusion Chinese tones had an effect on the pronunciation of children with developmental speech disorder.Tones training were needed during rehabilitation training.At the same time,a tone of vocabulary should be given priority in the selection of speech training vocabulary,the second were tone 2 and tone 3,and the last was tone 4 vocabulary training.

关 键 词：声调 发育性语音障碍 塞音 嗓音起始时间 

分 类 号：H018.4[语言文字—语言学]