农村高血压患者行为生活方式对生命质量的影响  

Effect of behavioral lifestyles on quality of life in rural hypertensive patients

作　　者：孙雨丹 杨林[1] 刘洁[1] 剌媛媛 王宇潇[1] 贺鹭[1] SUN Yudan;YANG Lin;LIU Jie;LA Yuanyuan;WANG Yuxiao;HE Lu(School of Public Health,Shanxi Medical University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2020年第8期594-598,共5页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

基　　金：山西省卫健委人口战略项目重点课题(RK05);山西省卫健委人口战略项目(RK27);山西省哲学社科规划课题(2019B225)。

摘　　要：目的探讨农村高血压患者生活方式对其生命质量的影响,为改善患者健康状况和生命质量提供依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样的方法,对山西省4 000名年龄≥35岁农村居民进行现场问卷调查,采用SF-36量表对高血压患者的生命质量进行评价,通过t检验、单因素方差分析及多元线性回归分析影响高血压患者生命质量的因素。结果共调查高血压患者732人,高血压患病率为20.6%。高血压患者总体生命质量得分为(64.48±17.43),总体得分低于正常健康人群。单因素分析显示:男性、年龄为35~44岁、在婚、文化程度高、收入超过1000元/月、饮食均衡、有超重和肥胖、喝茶、从不饮酒、参加体育锻炼、睡眠为6~8小时的患者生命质量相对较高(t=2.140、12.046、7.330、12.276、3.192、6.149、3.226、2.253、4.463、5.597、18.355,P<0.05),多元线性回归分析表明,影响高血压患者生命质量的因素有年龄、体育锻炼、饮食、BMI和睡眠。方法高血压患者生命质量的主要影响因素为行为生活方式因素,应采取针对性措施使患者养成控制体重、低盐饮食、适量运动、戒烟限酒等良好生活习惯。Objective To explore the impact of lifestyle of rural hypertension patients on their quality of life, and to provide evidence for improving the health status and quality of life of patients. Methods Based on the multi-stage stratified sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 4 000 rural residents aged≥35 years in Shanxi Province. SF-36 scale was used to evaluate the quality of life of patients with hypertension. The factors affecting quality of life of hypertensive patients were analyzed by t-test, single factor analysis of variance and multiple linear regression. Results A total of 732 hypertensive patients were investigated, and the prevalence of hypertension was 20.6%. The score of overall quality of life in patients with hypertension was(64.48±17.43), which was lower than that of the normal healthy population. Single factor analysis showed that patients with such factors as male, age between 35 and 44, married status, high education, income over 1000 yuan per month, balanced diet, overweight and obesity, drinking tea, never drinking alcohol, taking physical exercise, and sleeping for 6~8 hours had higher quality of life(t=2.140, 12.046, 7.330, 12.276, 3.192, 6.149, 3.226, 2.253, 4.463, 5.597, 18.355, respectively;P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors affecting the quality of life of patients with hypertension were age, physical exercise, diet, BMI and sleep. Conclusions The main factors affecting the quality of life of patients with hypertension are behavioral lifestyle factors. Targeted measures need to be taken to help the patients develop healthy living habits including weight control, low-salt diet, moderate exercise, not smoking and not drinking too much.

关 键 词：高血压 行为生活方式 生命质量 SF-36量表 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]