中国火山学和地球内部化学研究进展与展望(2011~2020年)  

Studies on Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior in China:Progresses and Perspectives ( 2011-2020)

作　　者：徐义刚[1] 郭正府[2] 刘嘉麒[2] XU Yi-gang;GUO Zheng-fu;LIU Jia-qi(State Key Laboratory of Isotope Geochemistry,Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China;Key Laboratory of Cenozoic Geology and Environment,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,同位素地球化学国家重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,新生代地质与环境重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2020年第4期683-696,共14页Bulletin of Mineralogy, Petrology and Geochemistry

基　　金：国家海洋局国际合作专项(GASI-GEOGE-02);中国科学院B类先导专项(XDB18000000);国家基金委基础科学中心项目(41688103)。

摘　　要：本文回顾并综述了2011~2020年十年间我国在火山学和地球内部化学领域的主要研究进展,包括:(1)进一步查明了我国新生代火山活动的时空分布特征,确定了火山喷发物的成因类型,建立了中国活动火山地质基础数据库;(2)深入研究了中国新生代火山岩成因,认为在地幔过渡带中滞留板片的脱碳和脱水作用及相关的熔融和交代作用是板内岩浆成因的主要驱动力,提出了东亚大地幔楔导致板内玄武岩成因的深部熔/流体助熔机制;通过深源包体研究为中国东部深部岩石圈的改造和演化提供了新的约束;(3)对峨眉山和塔里木两个二叠纪大火成岩省进行了进一步研究,揭示两者的异同;(4)将我国活动火山监测与灾害防御研究推向了新的高度;(5)开展了火山喷发模拟实验与物理火山学的研究、建立了我国火山灰年代学的研究方法与测试手段,开展了火山学与地热学的交叉学科研究,进一步拓展了我国火山学研究的广度。本文还明确了学术组织在火山学学科发展中发挥的作用,并对我国火山和地球内部化学领域的未来发展进行了展望。Major research advances in China during 2011-2020 on volcanology and chemistry of the Earth's interior are summarized in this paper.(1)The temporal and spatial distribution of Cenozoic volcanoes in China is characterized,together with their eruptive styles.A national data base on active volcanoes is established.(2)The petrogenesis of intraplate basalts has been investigated in detail.It is demonstrated that melting of the BMW to generate Cenozoic intraplate basalts is triggered by decarbonization and dehydration of the slabs stagnated in the mantle transition zone.The deep melting/fluid-assisted melting mechanism is proposed for interpreting the petrogenesis of intraplate basalts originated from the melting of the big mantle wedge in eastern Asia.The studies on mantle xenoliths also offer new constraints on the evolution and modification of the deep lithosphere underneath eastern China.(3)The similarities and differences of Permian Tarim and Emeishan large igneous provinces have been elaborated.(4)A new level of researches on continuous monitoring and associated disaster prevention of recent unrest volcanos in China has been achieved.(5)Researches on the volcanic eruption simulation experiment and physical volcanology have been carried out.Several new research disciplines and analytical methods of tephrochronology have been established in China.The interdisciplinary study of volcanology and geothermal geology has been carried out.We also provide perspectives of the future study in this field.

关 键 词：火山学 地球内部化学 中国 

分 类 号：P591[天文地球—地球化学] P511.3[天文地球—地质学]