光叶紫花苕子浸提液对4种牧草种子萌发过程的化感作用  

Allelopathic effects of extracts of Vicia villosa on the germination of four forage seeds

作　　者：牛欢欢 王森森 贾宏定 陈桂华[1] NIU Huan-huan;WANG Sen-sen;JIA Hong-ding;CHEN Gui-hua(College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《草业学报》2020年第9期161-168,共8页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：农业农村部物种品种资源保护费项目(131821301354051003)资助。

摘　　要：以光叶紫花苕子为供体植物,采用生物测定法,研究供体材料地上部及地下部不同浓度浸提液(2.5、5.0、10.0、20.0、40.0 g·L^-1)对燕麦、黑麦草、紫花苜蓿和白三叶4种牧草种子萌发过程的影响,以期为牧草间的轮作提供理论依据。结果表明:在供试浓度范围内,光叶紫花苕子地上部浸提液明显抑制紫花苜蓿和白三叶的种子萌发,且白三叶种子发芽率随着浓度的增加而降低,40 g·L^-1处理下的白三叶种子发芽率与对照相比减少62.5%;光叶紫花苕子地下部浸提液抑制黑麦草、紫花苜蓿和白三叶幼苗根长,其中,40 g·L^-1处理下紫花苜蓿根长与对照相比抑制作用最为显著,抑制率达64.94%;在地下部浸提液对4种牧草幼苗苗高的影响中,紫花苜蓿幼苗苗高在40 g·L^-1处理下与对照相比差异显著。同时发现,不同浓度的浸提液处理均降低黑麦草、紫花苜蓿和白三叶幼苗叶绿素含量,而增加燕麦幼苗叶绿素含量,在20 g·L^-1地下部浸提液处理下,燕麦叶绿素含量与对照相比增加144.23%;地下部浸提液均显著增加紫花苜蓿与白三叶幼苗过氧化物酶(POD)活性,与对照相比差异显著;浸提液处理可增加白三叶幼苗的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性,但其降低紫花苜蓿幼苗的CAT活性。This research used a bioassay method to evaluate the effects of a range of concentrations(2.5,5.0,10.0,20.0,40.0 g·L^-1)of extracts of aboveground and underground parts of Vicia villosa on seed germination of four important forage species:Avena sativa,Lolium multiflorum,Medicago sativa and Trifolium repens.The results showed that in the concentration range tested,the V.villosa extracts of aboveground parts significantly inhibited the seed germination of M.sativa and T.repens.The inhibitory effect of T.repens increased with increasing concentration and the germination rate of T.repens seeds reduced by 62.5%compared with the control under the 40 g·L^-1 treatment.The extract of underground parts of V.villosa inhibited the root length of L.multiflorum,M.sativa and T.repens.Among the tested species,the M.sativa root length under 40 g·L^-1 treatment displayed the largest inhibitory effect(64.94%)compared with the control.With respect to the effects of the underground extract on seedling heights,the height of M.sativa seedlings under the 40 g·L^-1 treatment was significantly reduced,compared to the control.In some cases,the extracts reduced the chlorophyll content of L.multiflorum,M.sativa and T.repens.However,for A.sativa,treated with underground extracts at 20 g·L^-1,the chlorophyll content was increased by 144.23%compared to the control.Treatment with the underground extract significantly increased the peroxidase activity of M.sativa and T.repens.Treatment with the aboveground and underground extract of V.villosa enhanced the catalase(CAT)activity of T.repens and decreased the CAT activity of M.sativa.

关 键 词：光叶紫花苕子 浸提液 牧草 种子萌发 化感作用 

分 类 号：S54[农业科学—作物学]