氮磷肥施量对阿苇灌区苜蓿生长指标和产量的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphate Fertilizer Application Rates on Growth Indicators and Yield of Alfalfa from Awei Irrigation District

作　　者：马铁成 张慧 MA Tiecheng;ZHANG Hui(Irrigation and Drainage Development Center of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830000, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆维吾尔自治区灌溉排水发展中心,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2020年第8期1535-1541,共7页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区科技支撑项目“新疆牧草节水增效灌溉技术研究与示范”(201431107);新疆维吾尔自治区水利科技专项“北疆苜蓿浅埋式滴灌技术研究与示范”(T201603)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究青河县阿苇灌区不同氮、磷肥水平对苜蓿生长特性和产量的影响及相互关系。【方法】采用浅埋式滴灌灌水技术,通过田间试验,设置2种施肥类型3个施肥水平,1组无肥对比,实测并分析不同施肥水平下紫花苜蓿株高、茎粗、枝条数等生长指标对产量的影响,运用回归分析法建立模型并验证。【结果】苜蓿的株高、茎粗随着施肥量增大而增大,株高增幅最大为第二茬氮磷肥增幅分别为27%和20%,茎粗增幅最大为第一茬氮肥处理增加6%同时WUE提高31%,施肥量的大小对枝条数影响较小,回归方程W=11072.41+15.74N对不同氮肥条件下苜蓿增产效果进行模拟,效果较好。【结论】运用浅埋式滴灌技术开展苜蓿施肥试验,适宜的施肥类型与施量可以促进苜蓿生长,达到节水增产目的。【Objective】To study the effects of different nitrogen and phosphate fertilizer levels in northern Xinjiang on the growth characteristics and yield of alfalfa by shallow buried drip irrigation technology.【Method】The effects of growth indexes such as height,stem diameter and number of branches on yield of alfalfa under different fertilization levels were measured and analyzed through field experiments and the model was established and verified by regression analysis.【Result】The plant height and stem diameter of alfalfa increased with the augment of fertilization amount,the maximum increase of plant height was the second crop.The growth rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer were 27%and 20%respectively,the biggest increase of stem diameter was 6%in the first nitrogen treatment,and the WUE was up 31%.The amount of fertilization had little effect on the number of branches.The effect of different nitrogen fertilizer on alfalfa yield was simulated by regression equation W=11,072.41+15.74N,and it worked better.【Conclusion】The shallow buried drip irrigation technology is used to carry out the alfalfa fertilization test.The suitable fertilization type and application rates can promote the growth of alfalfa and achieve the purpose of water saving and yield increase.

关 键 词：紫花苜蓿 浅埋式滴灌 氮磷肥 生长指标 产量 

分 类 号：TV93[水利工程—水利水电工程] S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]