《礼记》“孔悝鼎”铭文考辨——兼谈先秦文献的流传与写定  

A Textual Research on the Inscription of“Confucius Ding”in The Book of Rites-Also on the Circulation and Writing of Pre-Qin Literature

作　　者：姚苏杰[1] 谢思炜[2] YAO Su-jie;XIE Si-wei(The Research Center of Chinese Poetry,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100089,China;Faculty of Humanities,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学中国诗歌研究中心,北京100089 [2]清华大学人文学院,北京100084

出　　处：《东北师大学报（哲学社会科学版）》2020年第5期136-144,159,共10页Journal of Northeast Normal University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA238)。

摘　　要：关于《礼记·祭统》所引孔悝鼎铭文,虽有学者提出怀疑,但这些疑点都可以解释,不能证成鼎铭为伪。鼎铭中确实存在一些错字漏句,利用出土青铜器铭文等材料进行比较研究,可发现并纠正其中六处错误。这些错误的产生,多是源于音近及形近,说明铭文存在一个口授、传抄与写定的过程,并可大致推断其时代。修正后的鼎铭,内容和结构与两周时期的一类典型青铜器铭文非常相似,更说明它并非出于伪造。以孔悝鼎铭为例,可管窥先秦文献至汉代的传承与写定情况。Although some scholars have raised doubts about the inscriptions of Confucius Ding cited in The Book of Rites·Sacrifice,these doubts can be explained,and they cannot prove that it is false.There are indeed some misspellings in the inscriptions of Confucius Ding.A comparative study using unearthed bronze inscriptions and other materials can find and correct six of them.The occurrence of these errors is mostly due to the nearness of sound and form,indicating that there is a process of dictation,copying and writing of inscriptions,and can roughly infer the era.The content and structure of the revised inscriptions of Confucius Ding are very similar to the typical bronze inscriptions in the Zhou Dynasty,which also shows that it is not forgery.Taking Confucius Ding as an example,it can give a glimpse of the inheritance and writing of the pre-Qin documents to the Han Dynasty.

关 键 词：孔悝鼎 文本辩讹 铭文结构 传承与写定 

分 类 号：K877.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]