发酵床牛舍与散放式牛舍对荷斯坦牛泌乳性能的影响  

Effect of Fermentation Bed and Free-stall Housing on the Lactation Performance of Holstein Cows

作　　者：张强 王家安 王洁 梁艳 王海洋 郭梦玲 杨章平[1] 毛永江[1] ZHANG Qiang;WANG Jiaan;WANG Jie;LIANG Yan;WANG Haiyang;GUO Mengling;YANG Zhangping;MAO Yongjiang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225009,China)

机构地区：[1]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2020年第8期58-63,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(18KJA230003);江苏省农业自主创新基金项目[CX(17)1005];江苏现代农业(奶牛)产业技术体系项目(JATS[2018]300);江苏省“六大人才高峰”项目(NY-093)。

摘　　要：为比较发酵床牛舍与散放式牛舍对荷斯坦牛日产奶量、乳脂率、蛋白率和体细胞数的影响,该研究利用最小二乘法对江苏省A牧场散放式牛舍1111头荷斯坦牛和B牧场发酵床牛舍886头荷斯坦牛的奶牛群体改良(Dairy Herd Improvement,DHI)数据进行分析。结果表明:发酵床牛舍和散放式牛舍对荷斯坦牛日产奶量、乳脂率、蛋白率和体细胞数均有一定的影响。其中,发酵床牛舍荷斯坦牛日均产奶量极显著高于散放式牛舍(P<0.01);散放式牛舍荷斯坦牛乳脂率极显著高于发酵床牛舍(P<0.01);发酵床牛舍荷斯坦牛第1胎乳蛋白率极显著高于散放式牛舍(P<0.05),泌乳后期乳蛋白率极显著高于散放式牛舍(P<0.01);发酵床牛舍荷斯坦牛3胎体细胞数(Somatic Cell Count,SCC)显著低于散放式牛舍(P<0.05)。研究表明,使用发酵床牛舍可以提高荷斯坦牛日产奶量和乳蛋白率,降低牛奶中体细胞数和乳脂率。To compare the effects of fermentation bed and free-stall housing on daily milk yield,fat content,protein content and somatic cell count in Holstein cows,the least squares method was used to analyze the DHI data of Holstein cows in the 1111 Holstein cows in free-stall house A and the 886 Holstein cows in fermentation bed house B in Jiangsu Province.The results showed that the fermentation bed and the free-stall houses had effects on the daily milk yield,fat content,protein content and somatic cell count of Holstein cows.Among them,daily milk yield of Holstein cows in fermentation bed house was extremely higher than that of free-stall house(P<0.01).Fat content of Holstein cows in free-stall house was extremely significantly higher than that of fermentation bed house(P<0.01).The first parity protein rate of Holstein cows in fermentation bed house was significantly higher than that of free-stall house(P<0.05).The late lactation protein contend of Holstein cows in fermentation bed house was extremely higher than that of free-stall house(P<0.01).The somatic cell count of Holstein cows in third parity of fermentation bed house was extremely higher than that of free-stall house(P<0.01).In summary,the use of fermentation bed house can increase the daily milk yield and protein content of Holstein cows,and reduce the number of somatic cells and fat content in milk.

关 键 词：发酵床牛舍 散放式牛舍 泌乳性能 荷斯坦牛 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]