VFTO传感器校准用2 kV亚纳秒级上升沿方波发生装置研制  

Development of 2 kV Square Wave Source with Sub-nanosecond Rise Time Using for the Calibration of VFTO Sensors

作　　者：苏少春 谢施君 丁卫东[2] 刘勇[3] 闫佳胤 穆舟 SU Shaochun;XIE Shijun;DING Weidong;LIU Yong;YAN Jiayin;MU Zhou(State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Research Institute,Chengdu 610041,China;School of Electrical Engineering,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China;State Grid Sichuan Electric Power Company,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院,成都610041 [2]西安交通大学电气工程学院,西安710049 [3]国网四川省电力公司,成都610041

出　　处：《高电压技术》2020年第8期2976-2983,共8页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家电网有限公司科技项目(52199918000G);国网四川省电力公司科技项目(52199717001Y).

摘　　要：为实现对特快速暂态过电压(very-fast transient overvoltage, VFTO)传感器的校准,并测试其测量带宽上限,围绕2 kV亚纳秒级上升沿方波发生装置研制开展工作。分析了方波发生装置的基本原理;设计了阻抗完全匹配的进线端结构;设计了用于陡化上升沿的气体开关结构,试验研究了充气气压对其动作稳定性的影响,确定了气体开关充气气压和间隙距离;基于阻抗匹配和腔体波阻抗连续的基本原则,设计了用于模拟传感器布置环境的同轴传输腔体,结合仿真分析结果,设计了腔体内导体支撑绝缘件的基本结构;研制了可兼做传输腔体末端匹配用的电阻分压器。试验结果表明:所研制的方波发生装置可输出幅值2kV、上升时间<1ns的电压方波。采用该方波发生装置对VFTO传感器进行了校准,确定该传感器的带宽上限为287 MHz,测试环境下的刻度因数为37 877。In order to calibrate sensors for the very-fast transient overvoltage(VFTO) and determine the upper frequency of the measurement, this paper reports the development of a 2 kV square-wave generator with sub-nanosecond rise time. The works in this paper include:(1) the proposal of the working principles for the generator;(2) the design of the gas switch for the short rise time;(3) the experiments on the effect of gas pressure on the operating stability, in order to determine the switch gas pressure and gap distance;(4) the design of coaxial transmission cavity to stimulate the sensor’s working environments, which is based on the impedance matching and wave impedance continuity;(5) the determination of the structure for the supporting insulators in the cavity on the basis of the simulation results;(6) the design of the resistive voltage divider which also behaves as the impedance matching unit at the cavity end. The experimental results verify the capabilities of the generator on generating the square wave with the amplitude of 2 kV and the rise time shorter than 1 ns. By using the generator for the calibration, the VFTO sensor was reported to offer an upper frequency of 287 MHz and a scale factor of 37 877.

关 键 词：VFTO 方波电压源 亚纳秒 阻抗匹配 同轴传输腔体 电阻分压器 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TM933.213[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]