微生物菌剂与有机肥配施对设施土壤盐渍化以及甜瓜产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Microbial Inoculum and Organic Fertilizer on Facility Soil Salinization,Yield and Quality of Muskmelon

作　　者：马茜[1] 武守朝[1] 赖德强[2] 刘全凤[2] 谷雨欣[1] 王静[1] MA Qian;WU Shou-chao;LAI De-qiang;LIU Quan-feng;GU Yu-xin;WANG Jing(Cangzhou Vocational and Technical College,Cangzhou 061001,China;Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Cangzhou 061000,China)

机构地区：[1]沧州职业技术学院,河北沧州061001 [2]沧州市农林科学院,河北沧州061000

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2020年第4期62-66,共5页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：沧州市重点研发计划指导项目(183203001)。

摘　　要：为了明确微生物菌剂和有机肥配施对次生盐渍化土壤的影响,以河北省青县设施甜瓜发生次生盐渍化的土壤为试验对象,研究了微生物菌剂与有机肥配施对土壤盐渍化改良作用以及甜瓜产量和品质的影响。结果表明:微生物菌剂与有机肥配施可以显著改良次生盐渍化土壤。与不施肥对照相比,微生物菌剂、有机肥和常规化肥三者配施可使土壤含盐量降低9.8%,全氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质含量分别提高12.1%、32.8%、26.3%和26.9%,并在一定程度上平衡土壤酸碱性,显著降低土壤容重,明显增加土壤透气性和微生物数量;可使甜瓜增产33.7%,可溶性糖和Vc含量分别提高2.2%和28.9%。与当地习惯施肥(有机肥+常规化肥)相比,微生物菌剂、有机肥和常规化肥三者配施可使土壤含盐量降低14.3%,全氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质含量分别提高3.4%、12.2%、12.9%和10.1%,甜瓜增产8.9%,可溶性糖和Vc含量分别提高1.4%和10.2%。常规化肥同时与有机肥和微生物菌剂配施既能显著改良盐渍化土壤,又能明显提高甜瓜产量和品质,可以在青县发生次生盐渍化危害的设施甜瓜栽培中应用。In order to clarify the effects of combined application of microbial inoculum and organic fertilizer on secondary salinization soil,taking secondary salinization soil of facility muskmelon in Qingxian County,Hebei Province as the test object,the effects of combined application of microbial inoculum and organic fertil izer on soil salinization,yield and quality of muskmelon were studied.The results showed that the combined application of microbial inoculum and organic fertilizer could significantly improve the secondary salinization soil.Compared with the control(no fertilizer),the combined application of microbial inoculum,organic fertil izer and conventional chemical fertilizer could reduce soil salt content by 9.8%,increase total nitrogen,avail able phosphorus,available potassium and organic contents by 12.1%,32.8%,26.3%and 26.9%respectively.To a certain extent,it can balance soil acidity and alkalinity,significantly reduce soil bulk density,and sig nificantly increase soil permeability and microbial quantity.It can increase the yield of muskmelon by 33.7%,increase the contents of soluble sugar and Vc by 2.2%and 28.9%respectively.Compared with the local con ventional fertilizer(organic fertilizer+conventional fertilizer),the combined application of microbial inoculum,or ganic fertilizer and conventional chemical fertilizer could reduce soil salt content by 14.3%,increase the total ni trogen,available phosphorus,available potassium and organic contents by 3.4%,12.2%,12.9%and 10.1%respectively,and increase the yield of muskmelon,the contents of soluble sugar and Vc by 8.9%,1.4%and 10.2%respectively.The conventional chemical fertilizer combined with organic fertilizer and microbial inoculum could significantly improve the salinization soil and significantly improve the yield and quality of melon,which can be used in secondary salinization soil of facility melon in Qingxian County.

关 键 词：甜瓜 设施栽培 微生物菌剂 有机肥 盐碱地改良 产量 果实品质 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]