高钙高蛋白日粮对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生理生化指标和盲肠菌群的影响  

Effects of High Calcium and High Protein Diets on Growth Performance,Serum Physiological and Biochemical Indicators and Cecum Microflora of Broilers

作　　者：王志[1] 胡仲皓 贺濛初 桂雪儿 朱杰 冯士彬 李锦春[1] 吴金节[1] WANG Zhi;HU Zhong-hao;HE Meng-chu;GUI Xue-er;ZHU Jie;FENG Shi-bin;LI Jin-chun;WU Jin-jie(College of Animal Science and Technology,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China;Xuancheng Muzi Poultry Cooperative Society,Xuancheng,Anhui 242000,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学动物科技学院,安徽合肥230036 [2]安徽省宣城市木子禽业专业合作社,安徽宣城242000

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2020年第4期718-727,共10页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0501205);安徽省重点研究与开发计划项目(1804a07020135)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在研究饲喂高钙、高蛋白日粮对肉仔鸡生长性能、血清生化指标、抗氧化指标及盲肠菌群的影响。【方法】选取160只体质量相近的健康1日龄肉仔鸡,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只,分别为对照组(CP含量21%,Ca含量1%)、高蛋白组(CP含量31%,Ca含量1%)、高钙组(CP含量21%,Ca含量5%)和高钙高蛋白组(CP含量31%,Ca含量5%)。【结果】结果表明:(1)仔鸡21日龄时,对照组鸡的平均体质量、日增质量、日采食量均极显著高于其他3组(P<0.01),料重比极显著小于高钙高蛋白组(P<0.01);高蛋白组鸡的平均体质量、日采食量显著高于高钙组和高钙高蛋白组(P<0.05);高钙组鸡的平均体质量、日增质量显著高于高钙高蛋白组(P<0.05)而料重比显著小于高钙高蛋白组(P<0.05)。(2)高钙、高蛋白日粮可导致仔鸡血清中AST、ALT、UA、CREA-S、UREA、GSH-Px、SOD、MDA、T-AOC、XOD活性或含量异常。(3)IlluminaMiseq高通量测序结果表明,仔鸡盲肠中的厚壁菌门Firmicutes、变形菌门Proteobacteria、厌氧杆菌属Barnesiella、另枝菌属Alistipes、粪便杆菌属Faecalibacterium、理研菌属Rikenella、卟啉单胞菌属Porphyromonas、梭状芽孢杆菌属第十八类群Clostridium_ⅩⅧ、嗜碱菌Alkaliphilus、颤杆菌克属Oscillibacter、梭状芽孢杆菌Clostridium的物种丰富度发生显著变化(P<0.01或P<0.05);PICRUSt功能预测结果显示,葡萄糖和一些氨基酸和核苷酸的合成代谢出现紊乱。(4)对照组鸡肝肾组织正常,结构清晰;其他三组鸡肝肾组织发生不同程度的病变。【结论】高钙高蛋白日粮导致仔鸡生长性能、抗氧化能力降低,肝肾功能受损,引起仔鸡高尿酸血症及盲肠菌群结构异常。[Objective]This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of high calcium and high protein diets on growth performance,serum biochemical parameters,antioxidant indexes and caecal flora of broilers.[Method]One hundred and sixty one-day-old broilers were randomly divided into four groups,each group had 5 replicates and each replicate had 8 broilers,which were control group(CP content 21%,Ca content 1%),high protein group(CP content 31%,Ca content 1%),high calcium group(CP content 21%,Ca content 5%),and high protein and high calcium group(CP content 31%,Ca content 5%).[Result]The results showed as follows:(1)At 21 days of age,ABW,ADG and ADFI of the broilers in the control group were significantly higher than those in the other three groups(P<0.01),ABW,ADG and ADFI of the control group were significantly higher than those of the other three groups(P<0.01),and F/G was significantly lower than that of the high calcium high protein group(P<0.01);ABW and ADFI of the high protein group were significantly higher than those of the high calcium group and the high calcium high protein group(P<0.05);ABW,ADG of the high calcium group were significantly higher than those of the high calcium high protein group(P<0.05)and F/G was significantly lower than those of the high calcium and high protein group(P<0.05).(2)High calcium and protein diets could lead to abnormal activity or contents of serum AST,ALT,UA,CREA-S,UREA,GSH-Px,SOD,MDA,T-AOC and XOD in broilers.(3)Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing results showed that the species richness of Firmicutes,Proteobacteria,Barnesiella,Alistipes,Faecalibacterium,Rikenella,Porphyromonas,Clostridium_XVIII,Alkaliphilus,Oscillibacter and Clostridium in the caecal of broilers changed significantly(P<0.01 or P<0.05).(4)The liver and kidney tissues of the broilers in the control group were normal and the structure was clear,while the liver and kidney tissues of broilers in the other three groups had different degrees of pathological changes.[Conclusion]It was seen that high calci

关 键 词：肉仔鸡 生长性能 高尿酸血症 高通量测序 盲肠菌群 

分 类 号：S831.1[农业科学—畜牧学]