都市区生态产品价值实现多元化途径  

Diversified approaches to realize the value of ecological products in urban areas

作　　者：郭滢蔓 王玉宽[1] 刘新民 傅斌[1] 刘勤[1] 王秋伟 GUO Ying-man;WANG Yu-kuan;LIU Xin-min;FU Bin;LIU Qin;WANG Qiu-wei(Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Sichuan Academy of Environmental Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Chengdu Municipal Longquanyi Ecological Environment Bureau,Chengdu 610001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]四川省生态环境科学研究院,四川成都610041 [4]成都市龙泉驿区环境监测站,四川成都610001

出　　处：《环境生态学》2020年第9期38-44,共7页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目“城市黑臭水体污染控制与修复技术及示范”(2018SZDZX0027);四川省省院省校合作项目:重点生态功能区生态资产评估与管理关键技术项目(2020YFSY0005)资助。

摘　　要：生态产品是生态系统向人类提供的各种有形产品和无形服务的总称。生态产品的利用与人类福祉水平紧密相关。由于生态产品的多样性、复杂性和外部性特征,其价值形成及实现过程未能得到充分认识,既影响生态产品的价值实现,也难以保障生态产品的可持续供给。因此,生态产品价值实现机制是生态系统服务领域的重要科学问题。以成都市为例,通过对不同类型生态产品供给区域开展调查,采用半结构式访谈和案例分析方法,分析生态产品价值实现过程中的经验,以及面临的问题。结果表明生态农业、生态旅游和生态补偿是都市区生态产品价值实现的主要方式。其中生态农业起步较早,但发展较慢。生态旅游发展态势良好,并与生态农业相互融合。而生态补偿在流域治理和保护中有所突破,但在促进生态价值转化方面作用不足。建议充分发挥都市区区位优势,针对生态产品供需和转化的薄弱环节,逐步建立市场主导的多元化价值实现机制。Ecological products are the general term for various tangible products and intangible services provided by the ecosystem to humans,and its use is closely related to the level of human well-being.Due to the diversity,complexity and externality of ecological products,the process of value formation and realization has not been fully understood,which not only affects the value realization of ecological products,but also makes it difficult to guarantee the sustainable supply of ecological products.Therefore,the value realization mechanism of ecological products is an important scientific issue in the field of ecosystem services.In this study,we took Chengdu as a case study,and used semi-structured interviews to analyze the experience and problems faced in the process of realizing the value of ecological products.The results showed that ecological agriculture,eco-tourism and payment for ecosystem services(PES)were the main ways to realize the value of ecological products in urban areas.Among them,ecological agriculture started earlier but developed slowly.Eco-tourism was developing well,and it was integrated with ecological agriculture.While PES has made breakthroughs in watershed management and protection,but it was insufficient in promoting the transformation of ecological value.The results suggest that the location advantages of urban areas should be fully utilized,and a market-led diversified value realization mechanism should be gradually established to address the weak links in the supply,demand and transformation of ecological products.

关 键 词：生态产品 生态经济 生态农业 生态旅游 生态补偿 成都市 

分 类 号：F327[经济管理—产业经济]