俄国资本主义的发展趋势及出路——基于晚年恩格斯与俄国各派政论家对话的分析  

The Developmental Trends of Russian Capitalism and Its Way Forward:An Analysis of Engels Dialogue with Russian Political Critics in His Later Years

作　　者：张静 Zhang Jing

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《哲学动态》2020年第8期11-16,127,共7页Philosophical Trends

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“习近平新时代观若干重大理论问题研究”(18ZDA002);国家社会科学基金一般项目“列宁对俄国民粹主义的批判及其当代启示研究”(18BKS007);国家社会科学基金后期资助一般项目“马克思恩格斯与俄国问题研究”(19FKSB008);广东省哲学社会科学2017年度一般项目“孙中山与列宁的关系及其对中国道路的影响研究”(GD17CMK03)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：晚年恩格斯虽然没有直接参与俄国思想界关于俄国资本主义命运的论战,但在与俄国各派政论家的对话中表明了对这一问题的基本观点。他反对俄国自由民粹派与合法马克思主义者对资本主义的片面认识,肯定革命的马克思主义者对资本主义发展趋势的正确理解,在此基础上对俄国的出路作出理论判断。恩格斯逝世后,列宁根据唯物史观和《资本论》,科学回答了俄国资本主义的发展趋势及出路问题,最终在俄国确立了马克思主义的资本主义观。In his later years,Engels did not directly participate in Russian ideological debates on the fate of Russian capitalism,but he expressed his views in dialogue with Russian political commentators.He opposed the one-sided understanding of capitalism held by Russian liberal populists and legal Marxists,he affirmed revolutionary Marxists correct understanding of the developmental trends of capitalism,and on that basis he made theoretical judgments about the prospects of Russia.After Engels Death,Lenin scientifically answered the question about the developmental trends of Russian capitalism according to historical materialism and Capital,and he also established an important Russian Marxist interpretation of capitalism.

关 键 词：恩格斯晚年通信 俄国资本主义问题 自由民粹派 合法马克思主义 革命的马克思主义 

分 类 号：B0[哲学宗教—哲学理论]