4种鲤科鱼类精子特性及不同pH对其活力的影响  

Sperm characteristics of four cyprinid fishes and the effect of pH on their motility

作　　者：王雨 杨建[2] 耿龙武[2] 张宇婷 姜海峰[2] 徐伟[2] WANG Yu;YANG Jian;GENG Long-wu;ZHANG Yu-ting;JIANG Hai-feng;XU Wei(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Heilongjiang River Fishery Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin 150070,China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,哈尔滨150070 [3]上海海洋大学,农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《淡水渔业》2020年第5期94-98,共5页Freshwater Fisheries

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2019XT0604,2020TD56);农业财政专项“东北地区重点水域渔业资源与环境调查”;国家重点研发计划资助项目(2019YFD0900400)。

摘　　要：为阐明pH对拟赤梢鱼(Pseudaspius leptocephalus)、洛氏鱥(Phoxinus lagowskii)、松浦镜鲤(Cyprinus carpio Songpu)和方正鲫(Carassius auratus)4种鲤科鱼类精子活力的影响及差异,检测了4种鲤科鱼类精液的理化性质,同时设置pH值3.0、5.0、7.0、9.0、11.0梯度溶液,比较分析4种鲤科鱼类精子激活率、精子快速运动时间(FT)、精子运动时间(MT)和精子寿命(LT)。结果显示:4种鲤科鱼类中松浦镜鲤精液浓度、精子密度均最高;洛氏鱥精浆偏酸性,拟赤梢鱼精浆呈中性,松浦镜鲤、方正鲫精浆呈弱碱性;4种鲤科鱼类精子在pH 7.0~9.0的中性和弱碱性溶液中活力最高,且存在最适浓度差异。其中,拟赤梢鱼、洛氏鱥精子最适pH为7.0,精子激活率分别为(93.99±5.77)%和(96.67±2.89)%,FT分别为(35.32±0.81)s和(34.27±0.49)s,MT分别为(52.24±0.99)s和(44.33±0.76)s,LT分别为(71.50±5.50)s和(75.22±3.50)s;方正鲫精子最适pH为9.0,其精子激活率为(93.33±2.89)%,FT、MT及LT分别为(35.37±0.31)s、(85.18±2.04)s和(100.74±1.65)s;松浦镜鲤精子在pH 7.0时激活率最高,为(96.67±2.89)%,而其FT、MT和LT在pH 9.0时达到最大值,分别为(46.80±1.82)s、(64.94±4.52)s和(84.03±7.02)s。结果表明:拟赤梢鱼精子对水体pH最为敏感,松浦镜鲤、洛氏鱥次之,方正鲫精子对pH适应性最强。The physicochemical properties of the four cyprinid fishes sperm(Pseudaspius leptocephalus,Phoxinus lagowskii,Cyprinus carpio Songpu and Carassius auratus)were tested to clarify the effect and inter-species difference among them of pH on the sperm motility.Meanwhile,five pH gradient solutions(pH 3.0,pH 5.0,pH 7.0,pH 9.0,pH 11.0)were set to compare and analyse the sperm activation rate,fast moving time(FT),moving time(MT)and life time(LT).Besides,the physical and chemical properties of the semen also have been detected in this study.The results showed that C.carpio Songpu had the highest semen concentration and sperm density among the four cyprinid fishes.The seminal plasma pH of P.lagowskii was slightly acidic,and the seminal plasma pH of the P.leptocephalus was neutral,the C.auratus and C.carpio Songpu were weakly alkaline.In addition,the spermatozoa of the four carps had the highest viability in neutral and weak alkaline solutions at pH 7.0~9.0,and there was an optimal concentration difference.Thereinto,the optimal pH of P.leptocephalus and P.lagowskii was 7.0,and the sperm activation rates were(93.99±5.77)%and(96.67±2.89)%,FT were(35.32±0.81)s and(34.27±0.49)s,MT were(52.24±0.99)s and(44.33±0.76)s,LT were(71.50±5.50)s and(75.22±3.50)s,respectively.The most suitable pH of C.auratus sperm was 9.0,and the sperm activation rate was(93.33±2.87)%,the FT,MT and LT were(35.37±0.31)s,(85.18±2.04)s and(100.74±1.65)s respectively.The C.carpio Songpu sperm had the highest activation rate at pH 7.0,which was(96.67%±2.89)%,and the FT,MT and LT were(46.80±1.82)s,(64.94±4.52)s and(84.03±7.02)s,respectively.In conclusion,P.leptocephalus was the most sensitive species to the pH of the water,while C.carpio Songpu and P.lagowskii took the second place,and C.auratus sperm had the best adaptability to pH in this study.

关 键 词：PH 鲤科鱼类 精子活力 精子特性 

分 类 号：S965.116[农业科学—水产养殖]