基于SolidWorks的组合式大葱起苗机的设计与试验  

Research and Experiment of Combined Green Onion Seedling Machine Based on SolidWorks

作　　者：张吉强 牛子孺 李天华[1,2] 吴彦强 李广华[3] 侯加林 Zhang Jiqiang;Li Tianhua;Niu Ziru;Li Guanghua;Wang Houxin;Hou Jialin(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai’an 271018,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Machinery and Equipment,Tai’an 271018,China;Qingzhou Hualong Machinery Technology Research And Development Co.,Ltd,WeiFang 262500,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省园艺机械与装备重点实验室,山东泰安 [3]青州华龙机械技术研发有限公司,山东潍坊262500

出　　处：《农机化研究》2020年第12期58-63,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家特色蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-24-D-01);山东省农机装备研发创新计划项目(2018YF001-07);山东省现代农业产业技术体系蔬菜创新团队项目(SDAIT-05-11)。

摘　　要：针对目前国内大葱收获人工效率低、劳动强度大及机械收获不成熟等问题,研发了一种组合式大葱起苗机。应用SolidWorks和Autocad软件,对组合式大葱起苗机进行三维实体建模和虚拟装配,进而对样机进行加工和田间试验。样机主要由机架、行走轮、变速箱、起苗刀、葱苗传输板和汇集抖土装置等6部分组成。其中,起苗刀为截面呈锲状的锯齿刀,葱苗传输板为由前至后逐渐升高的斜板,汇集抖土装置的主动轴上两拨齿轮与从动轴上两拨齿轮之间安装有环形的抖土链,依靠抖土链转动对葱苗上附着的泥土进行抖动筛除,方便人工捡拾。田间试验表明:样机作业性能稳定,匹配动力为35 kW拖拉机,伤苗率为3.7%,总损失率为6.8%,作业效率为0.13 hm^2/h。In view of the problems of low productivity,high labor intensity and immature mechanical harvesting of domestic green onion,this paper designs and develops a semi-automatic combined green onion seedling machine to solve the above problems.Using solidworks and autocad software,the three-dimensional solid modeling and virtual assembly of the combined green onion seedling machine was carried out,and then the prototype was processed and field tested.The machine is mainly composed of six parts:the frame,the walking wheel,the gearbox,the seedling knife,the onion seedling transmission board and the collecting shaker.The seedling knife is a serrated knife with a cross-section,and the seedling transmission plate is a sloping plate which is gradually raised from front to back,and the two axes on the driving shaft of the shaking device are collected.An annular vibrating chain is installed between the dial gear and the two gears on the driven shaft,and the soil attached to the onion seedlings is shaken and screened by the shaking of the shaker chain to facilitate manual picking.The field test showed that the machine has stable operation performance,the matching power is 35 kw tractor,the injury rate is 5%,the total loss rate is 4%,and the working efficiency is 0.15 hm^2/h.

关 键 词：大葱起苗机 起苗刀 汇集抖土装置 SOLIDWORKS 

分 类 号：S225.92[农业科学—农业机械化工程]