气吸式小麦电控播种系统的设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Air-suction Wheat Electronic Control Seeding System

作　　者：闫青 赵达卫 赵晓顺[1] 霍晓静[1] 王文娣[1] 王辉[1] 唐娟[1] Yan Qing;Zhao Dawei;Zhao Xiaoshun;Huo Xiaojing;Wang Wendi;Wang Hui;Tang Juan(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 07100,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学机电工程学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《农机化研究》2020年第12期136-142,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0300505)。

摘　　要：传统的小麦播种机在播种作业中,地轮为排种器提供动力,其会受到田间复杂环境的影响而产生打滑现象,降低了播种均匀性,小麦播种质量受到较大影响。为实现小麦精量播种,结合气吸式小麦排种器设计了电控排种系统。系统利用旋转编码器测得机具行进速度,控制器依照预先设定的株距参数,分析得出合理的排种器转速并对电机进行控制,实现可控株距的小麦单粒精量播种。试验台排种试验结果表明:排种器的排种合格指数为88.05%,重播指数为3.64%,漏播指数为6.96%,合格粒距变异系数为23.07%,播种质量指标符合JB/T 10293-2013《单粒(精密)播种机技术条件》,满足小麦精量播种的农艺要求。During the seeding operation,the ground wheel of the traditional wheat planter powers its seed meter.Due to the effect of the complex environment in the field,the ground wheel is prone to slippage,which reduces the seeding uniformity and greatly affects the seeding quality.In order to achieve the precision seeding of wheat,an electric control seeding system is designed by combining with the air suction wheat seed metering device.The rotary encoder firstly measures the traveling speed of the machine,then the controller analyzes the reasonable seeding speed according to the preset plant spacing parameters and controls the speed of motor,the system finally realize the single grain precision seeding of the controlled plant spacing.The results of the seeding test of the seed meter test bench indicate that the seeding qualified index of the seeding device is 88.05%,the repeat seeding index is 3.64%,the missed seeding index is 6.96%,the qualified grain distance variation coefficient is 23.07%.The seeding quality indexesare in accordance with JB/T.10293-2013"Specification for single seed drills(precision drills)"and meet the agronomic requirements for wheat precision seeding.

关 键 词：小麦 排种器 气吸式 电控 

分 类 号：S223.23[农业科学—农业机械化工程]