近代以来中国乡村地域管理顶层设计的制度模式与历史变迁  

The institutional model and historical changes of the top-level design of Chinese rural areas in modern times

作　　者：魏书威 卢君君 陈恺悦 刘芳芳 郭昳岚 WEI Shu-wei;LU Jun-jun;CHEN Kai-yue;LIU Fang-fang;GUO Yi-lan(Xi'an Jianda Institute of Urban Planning and Design,Xi'an 710055,Shaanxi,China;Shaanxi Chuangzhi Urban and Rural Planning and Design Co,Ltd,Xi'an 710054,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建大城市规划设计研究院,陕西西安710055 [2]陕西创智城乡规划设计有限公司,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《西北师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第5期125-129,共5页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51208244)。

摘　　要：基于文献研究法与定性研究方法,系统梳理和回顾了1840年至1978年中国“三农”问题的历史根源、施政方案、解决模式等,并深入剖析了各时期乡村地区的制度框架、政策体系、治理模式及设施安排等方面的顶层设计.研究发现:“三农”问题历来都是各时期掌权者极为敏感、优先关注的领域;政策体系设计遵从顶层设计优先、要素管理跟进、村民参与至重的原则;乡村施政土地改革是核心,经营模式是重点,村民致富是根本;“科技支农,教育促农,金融活农”仍将成为新时期乡村振兴的重要着力点.Based on the literature research and qualitative research,this paper has systematically reviewed the historical roots,the policy plans,and solution models of China's“three rural issues”from 1840 to 1978,and deeply analyzed the top-level design of institutional framework,policy system,governance model and facility arrangement of rural areas in each period.The research found that the issues of“agriculture,rural areas and farmers”have always been extremely sensitive and prioritized areas for those in power in various periods;the design of the policy system should follow the principles of top-level design,element management,and villagers􀆴participation.Land reform in rural governance is the core,business model is the focus,and villagers􀆴wealth is fundamental;“Science and technology to support agriculture,education to promote agriculture,financial live agriculture”will continue to be an important focus of rural revitalization in the new era.

关 键 词：乡村地域 顶层设计 制度模式 变迁轨迹 历史参考 

分 类 号：F329[经济管理—产业经济]