高海拔RH精炼装置真空脱碳工艺优化研究  

The vacuum decarburization process optimization study of high altitude RH refining equipment

作　　者：袁保辉 刘建华 周海龙 黄基红 张硕 申志鹏 YUAN Baohui;LIU Jianhua;ZHOU Hailong;HUANG Jihong;ZHANG Shuo;SHEN Zhipeng(Institude of Engineering Technology,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Xichang Steel&Vanadium Co.,Ltd.of Pangang Group,Xichang 615032,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学工程技术研究院,北京100083 [2]攀钢集团西昌钢钒有限公司,四川西昌615032

出　　处：《炼钢》2020年第4期31-38,共8页Steelmaking

摘　　要：针对位于海拔1 500 m左右的国内某厂RH真空脱碳过程中脱碳效果不佳喷溅严重的生产问题,借鉴转炉吹氧过程氧气射流与熔池相互作用规律,考虑到RH真空室内液面高度偏低的特点,通过水模型试验研究不同氧枪流量和枪位下氧气射流与熔池相互作用规律,并结合理论分析对RH真空吹氧脱碳工艺进行优化。水模型试验结果表明:RH真空吹氧脱碳过程中氧气射流与熔池的相互作用规律与转炉冶炼相似,可采用转炉冶炼过程中氧气射流与熔池相互作用研究对RH真空吹氧脱碳工艺进行优化。理论分析可知,当氧枪流量为1 500 m^3/h、枪位为5.5 m时,熔池冲击深度为0.173 m、冲击面积为2.435 m^2、穿透体积处于最大值为0.420 m^3,氧气射流冲击熔池效果最理想,有利于RH脱碳过程高效脱碳和喷溅控制。实施优化措施后,终点钢水平均w(C)由15.1×10^-6降至11.8×10^-6,终点w(C)在20×10^-6以内比例提高至94.4%,优化工艺显著提高了RH快速深脱碳效果,同时有效控制了RH真空脱碳过程严重喷溅问题。In light of the production problem of poor decarburization effect and severe splashing in RH vacuum decarburization process of the domestic steel plant located at an altitude of 1 500 m,the interaction between the oxygen jet and molten pool was investigated under different oxygen lance flow rates and lance positions by the water model experiments,and the RH vacuum oxygen decarburization process was optimized by combining the theoretical analysis results,according to the interaction between the oxygen jet and molten pool research in the converter oxygen blowing process and considering the characteristic of the lower liquid level in the RH vacuum chamber. The water model experiment results showed that the interaction between the oxygen jet and molten pool in RH vacuum oxygen decarburization process is similar to that of converter smelting process. And then RH vacuum oxygen decarburization process can be optimized according to the interaction research between the oxygen jet and molten pool in the converter smelting process. The theoretical analysis results showed that when the oxygen lance flow rate is 1 500 m^3/h and the lance position is 5. 5 m,the impact depth is 0. 173 m,the impact area is 2. 435 m^2,and the penetration volume is at a maximum of 0. 420 m^3. The effect of oxygen jet impacting on the molten pool is optimal,which is beneficial to efficient decarburization and spattering control in RH decarburization process. After taking these optimization measures,the average end-point carbon mass fraction decreased from 15. 1 × 10^-6 to 11. 8 ×10^-6,and the proportion of end-point carbon mass fraction within 20 × 10^-6 increased to 94. 4 %. The optimized process significantly improved the RH rapid deep decarburization effect,and effectively controlled the severe splashing problem in RH vacuum decarburization process.

关 键 词：高海拔RH 脱碳效果 喷溅控制 工艺优化 

分 类 号：TF769.4[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]