高水头混流式水轮机沙水流动数值模拟及转轮泥沙磨损实验研究  

Numerical and experimental study on sediment erosion of Francis turbine runner for hydropower stations

作　　者：庞嘉扬 张惠忠 杨建明 陈一平 刘小兵[1] PANG Jia-yang;ZHANG Hui-zhong;YANG Jian-ming;CHEN Yi-ping;LIU Xiao-bing(Key Laboratory of Fluid and Power Machinery,Ministry of Education,Xihua University,Chengdu 610039,China;PowerChina Hydropower Development Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学流体及动力机械教育部重点实验室,成都610039 [2]中国电建水电开发集团有限公司,成都610014

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2020年第4期436-443,共8页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2018YFB0905200);国家自然科学基金项目(51279172)。

摘　　要：运用N-S方程和标准k-ε湍流模型,对高水头混流式水轮机内部沙水流动进行了全流道数值模拟。根据数值模拟结果和相似定理设计水轮机转轮叶片的单流道泥沙磨损实验装置,进行了转轮叶片泥沙磨损实验,获得了水轮机转轮叶片泥沙磨损的主要发生位置和磨损程度,并根据数值模拟和实验研究结果拟合出了水轮机转轮叶片的磨损率公式。结果表明:水轮机转轮叶片的进水边和出水口位置的磨损程度相对于其他位置更为严重,尤其是叶片背面。该研究对多泥沙河流水轮机转轮叶片的泥沙磨损评估以及维修具有指导意义。Based on the N-S equation and the standard k-ε turbulence model, the full flow passage’s numerical simulation of the internal water-sediment flow in high-head Francis turbine has been carried out. The single flow passage’s sediment erosion equipment of turbine runner’s blades has been designed on the basis of the results of numerical simulation and the law of similarity. After testing, the main position of sediment abrasion and its degrees have been founded. According to the results of numerical simulation and test, the erosion rate formula of the turbine runner’s blades has been drawn up. The experimental results show that the erosion degrees at the inlet and outlet of the turbine runner’s blades, particularly in the back of the blades,are more serious than other positions. The study is of guiding significance to the assessment of sand erosion of turbine runner blades in sediment-laden rivers and to the maintenance of the turbine runner blades.

关 键 词：水轮机 转轮 泥沙磨损 数值模拟 实验 

分 类 号：TK730.2[交通运输工程—轮机工程]