刚性植被作用下复合明渠水流特性实验研究  

Experimental study on flow characteristics in compound open channel with rigid vegetation

作　　者：赵卫伟 景何仿[1,2] 王维红 郭笑笑 吴军涛 董建强 ZHAO Wei-wei;JING He-fang;WANG Wei-hong;GUO Xiao-xiao;WU Jun-tao;DONG Jian-qiang(Research Institute of Numerical Computation and Engineering Applications,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information and Big Data Processing of Ningxia Province,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China;School of Mathematics and Information Science,North Minzu University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]北方民族大学数值计算与工程应用研究所,银川750021 [2]北方民族大学宁夏智能信息与大数据国家重点实验室,银川750021 [3]北方民族大学数学与信息科学学院,银川750021

出　　处：《水动力学研究与进展（A辑）》2020年第4期469-478,共10页Chinese Journal of Hydrodynamics

基　　金：北方民族大学校级重点科研项目(2019KJ25);国家自然科学基金(11861003,11761005);宁夏自治区科学技术研究重点研发计划项目(2019BEG03048);宁夏西部一流学科建设(数学学科)(NXYLXK2017B09);宁夏高等学校科学技术研究项目(NGY2018-140)。

摘　　要：为了研究在漫滩上生长有刚性植被的天然河道水流特性,在单侧具有二级漫滩的实验室复合水槽中,在一级和二级漫滩上布设刚性植被,进行了水流实验。根据水深,设置了四种不同方案(方案1-方案4),每种方案下,又根据漫滩上是否布置植被及植被的布置方式,设置三种子方案。利用三维激光多普勒测速仪(3D LDV)和水位计等仪器对水流流速、水位及紊动强度等物理量进行实测,计算了不同方案下的水头损失和水力坡降等,对实测数据进行了比较分析。实验结果表明,与无植被情形相比较,漫滩上布置刚性植被时,会在一定程度上增大植被区水面坡降、水头损失、水力坡降及紊流强度;在植被数相同时,植被交错布置方式比平行布置方式对水力要素的影响较大。In order to study the flow characteristics of natural channel with rigid vegetation on floodplain, the experiment has been carried out by setting rigid vegetation on the first and second floodplains in a flume with two stage floodplains on the right bank. Four cases(Case1-Case4) were set according to water depth and flow discharge, and then in each case, three sub-cases were designed according to the arrangement of vegetation. The flow velocity, turbulence intensity and water level were measured by 3D laser Doppler velocimeter(LDV) and water level meter respectively. Meanwhile the head loss and hydraulic slope were calculated for these cases, and then the measured data were compared and analyzed. The experimental results show that all of the water surface slope, the head loss, the hydraulic slope, and the turbulence intensity in the vegetation area are larger when there is vegetation in a floodplain than that there is no vegetation in a floodplain. In addition, these physical quantities are larger when the vegetation is staggeringly distributed than that when the vegetation is parallel distributed with the same vegetation number.

关 键 词：刚性植被 复合水槽 3D-LDV 水流流速 

分 类 号：TV131.2[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]