1984-2013年青藏高原地气温差的时空变化特征  

The Characteristics of Spatiotemporal Changes of the Tibetan Plateau Ground-air Temperature Difference from 1984 to 2013

作　　者：胡洁 巩远发[1] HU Jie;GONG Yuanfa(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Chengdu University of Information Technology,Chengdu 610025,China)

机构地区：[1]成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,四川成都610225

出　　处：《成都信息工程大学学报》2020年第4期455-463,共9页Journal of Chengdu University of Information Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41775079);国家自然科学基金重大研究计划(91537214)。

摘　　要：为研究气候变化背景下的青藏高原地面热力性质的时空变化特征,利用1984-2013年国家气象信息中心的常规观测站的地表温度、气温及风速资料,并采用M-K(Mann-Kendall)检验法和经验正交函数法(empirical or-thogonal function,EOF),得到高原地气温差年际和年代际的变化特征。主要结果有:(1)高原年平均地气温差的总体分布与春秋两季大致类似,数量值介于两者之间,高原总体平均地气温差均为正;4个季节中,春夏秋3个季节地气温差在高原上都为正,夏季最大,春季次之,仅在冬季的高原西北部有地气温差的负值区。(2)高原上年平均地气温差与4个季节平均的变化特征相似,2003年以前,是增大(减小)趋势不明显的年际变化,2003年后发生年代际转折变化,地气温差都呈明显增大趋势,其中夏季的年代际转折相对不是特别明显,地气温差增加变率也相对小。(3)高原年平均地气温差的第二空间模态呈现了高原东部和西部的不同变化;4个季节的第二空间模态不仅反映了高原南北部地气温差相反的变化差异,还反映了年代际变化时间的明显不同;最典型的是春夏两季与秋冬两季不仅年代际变化的时间不同,而且年代际变化前后的地气温差异常也相反。In order to study the spatial-temporal variation characteristics of the surlace thermal properties on the Tibetan Plateau under the background of climate change,using the surface ground temperature,air temperature and wind speed data of the conventional observation station of the NationalMeteorological Information Center in China from 1984 to 2013,and using M-K(Mann-Kendall)test method and empirical orthogonal function method(EOF)to obtain the intera-nnual and interdecadal variation characteristics of the Plateau ground-air temperature difference.The main results are found as follows:(1)The general distribution of the annual average ground-air temperature difference on the Plateau is similar to that in the spring and autumn,and the quantity value is somewhere in between,the overall mean ground-air temperature difference on the Plateau is positive.Among the four seasons,the ground-air temperature difference of the spring,summer and autumn is positive on the Plateau,with the largest in summer and the second in spring,only in the northwestern part of the Plateau in winter there is a negative area of the ground-air temperature difference.(2)The vari-ation characteristics of the Plateau annual average ground-air temperature difference is similar to that of the four seasons.Before 2003,they all are an interannual change which the increasing(decreasing)trend was not obvious,the interdec-adal turming changes occurred after 2003,and the ground-air temperature difference showed a significant increase trend,among them,the interdecadal transition in summer is relatively unobvious,and the variability of the ground-air tempera-ture increase is relatively small.(3)Among them,the second spatial mode of the Plateau annual average ground-air temperature difference presented dfferent changes in the eastern and western Plateau;the second spatial mode of the four seasons not only reflects the opposite variation of the ground-air temperature difference between the north and south of the Plateau,but also reflects the obvious difference

关 键 词：气候学 青藏高原气候学 地气温差 M-K检验 EOF分析 

分 类 号：P46[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]