一种低压电动汽车用逆变器非线性因素的新型补偿方法  

Compensation method for nonlinear factors of inverter for low voltage electric vehicle

作　　者：刘和平[1] 董治平 邱彬彬 游逍遥 郭强[3] LIU He-ping;DONG Zhi-ping;QIU Bin-bin;YOU Xiao-yao;GUO Qiang(State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment&System Security and New Technology,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;State Grid Hunan Electric Power Corporation Maintenance Company,Changsha 410004,China;Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Energy Internet,Chongqing University of Technology,Chongqing 400054,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]国网湖南省电力有限公司检修公司,长沙410004 [3]重庆理工大学重庆市能源互联网工程技术研究中心,重庆400054

出　　处：《电机与控制学报》2020年第9期30-38,共9页Electric Machines and Control

基　　金：重庆市基础科学与前沿技术研究资助项目(cstc2016jcyjA1527)。

摘　　要：针对低压电动汽车用电压源逆变器(VSI)低压大电流的工况,充分考虑死区时间、开关管开通及关断延时等因素,特别是开关管导通时呈现电阻性质导致的导通压降变化,建立低压电动汽车用电压源逆变器输出特性方程,依据推导的输出特性方程和参考量得出误差,从而在低压大电流的工况下进行精确地补偿。同时考虑到逆变器非线性因素的补偿过程中需要获取准确的电流极性,而相电流过零点附近存在电流检测毛刺与零电流箝位效应,导致电流过零点附近电流极性判定不准确,提出一种反向补偿的方法促使电流提前过零,在电流过零点附近避免了复杂的电流极性判定与计算的同时,也进行了有效的逆变器非线性因素补偿。最后通过仿真及实验结果证明了所提出的逆变器输出特性方程及补偿方法的正确性与可行性。In view of the low voltage and high current working condition in the voltage source inverter of low-voltage electric vehicle,by considering the nonlinear factors such as the dead-time and the turn-on/off delay of power device,especially,the voltage drop across the power device was taken into consideration.After that,the inverter output characteristic equation was established.Based on the output characteristic equation and the reference voltage,the error could be derived,thus it will accurately be compensated under the low voltage and high current working condition.At the same time,accurate current polarity is essential during the nonlinear characteristic compensation.However,the current ripple and the zero current clamp effect exist near the zero of phase current,which will result in inaccurate current polarity detection.So a method of reverse compensation was proposed to make the current pass zero in advance,which avoids the complicated determination and calculation of current polarity near the zero of current,in the meantime,the nonlinear characteristic of VSI was compensated effectively,too.Finally,the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed inverter output characteristic equation and compensation method are proved by simulation and experimental results.

关 键 词：低压电动汽车 电压源逆变器 感应电机 死区效应 开关管导通压降 电流极性 零电流箝位效应 

分 类 号：TM464[电气工程—电器]