贺州市农村居民艾滋病歧视现状及影响因素分析  

Analysis on the current status and influencing factors of AIDS discrimination among rural residents in Hezhou city

作　　者：曾梓 李建标[1] 陈雪琼[1] 黄冬瑞[1] 黎芝 张娟[1] 罗城[1] 陈莹 周一心[1] 董凤 ZENG Zi;LI Jian-biao;CHEN Xue-qiong;HUANG Dong-rui;LI Zhi;ZHANG Juan;LUO Cheng;CHEN Ying;ZHOU Yi-xin;DONG Feng(Hezhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hezhou,Guangxi 542899,China)

机构地区：[1]贺州市疾病预防控制中心,广西542899

出　　处：《应用预防医学》2020年第4期269-272,278,共5页Applied Preventive Medicine

基　　金：贺州市科学研究与技术开发计划项目(贺科攻1608036)。

摘　　要：目的了解农村居民艾滋病相关歧视现状及影响因素,为制定农村地区艾滋病防治策略及干预措施提供科学依据。方法2018年11月—2019年1月,通过整群抽样的方法在广西贺州市某县(区)某村招募农村居民并开展面对面问卷调查,收集其社会人口学、艾滋病相关知识、行为学特征、对艾滋病病毒感染者/病人(HIV/AIDS)的态度和艾滋病服务利用情况等信息。采用卡方检验、非条件二分类logistic回归模型分析艾滋病歧视的影响因素。结果共获得有效问卷420份,调查对象文化程度为初中及以下的占86.9%,月经济收入2000元及以下的占74.0%。艾滋病知识知晓率为62.1%,对HIV/AIDS无歧视的仅占15.7%。接受过村医或村干艾滋病知识宣传的占47.1%,知晓艾滋病检测地点的占52.4%。Logistic回归分析显示,文化程度高中或中专及以上[OR=0.29(95%CI:0.11-0.74)]、知晓艾滋病知识[OR=0.26(95%CI:0.11-0.66)]、认为发生高危行为后需做艾滋病检测[OR=0.27(95%CI:0.08-0.92)]、知晓艾滋病检测地点[OR=0.41(95%CI:0.21-0.81)]为艾滋病歧视的影响因素。结论农村居民的艾滋病歧视率较高,应采取多种方式进一步加强不同特点农村居民的艾滋病健康教育工作,减少或消除艾滋病歧视,营造良好的艾滋病防治环境。Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of AIDS-related discrimination among rural residents,provide scientific basis for formulating AIDS prevention and control strategies and interventions in rural areas.MethodsFrom November 2018 to January 2019,rural residents were recruited by cluster sampling in a village of Hezhou city.Face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information such as social demography,AIDS-related knowledge,behavioral characteristics,attitudes towards people living with HIV and AIDS,and the utilization of AIDS services.Chi-square test and unconditional binary classification logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of HIV/AIDS discrimination.ResultsA total of 420 valid questionnaires were collected,and 86.9%of the respondents had a junior high school education level or below,and 74.0%had a monthly economic income of 2000 yuan or below;62.1%knew HIV/AIDS knowledge,and only 15.7%had no discrimination against people living with HIV;47.1%had received AIDS knowledge propaganda from village doctors or village cadres,and 52.4%knew HIV testing sites.Logistic regression analysisshowed that having education level of high school or technical school and above[OR=0.29(95%CI:0.11-0.74)],knowing HIV/AIDS knowledge[OR=0.26(95%CI:0.11-0.66)],believing HIV testing should be doneafter high-risk behaviors[OR=0.27(95%CI:0.08-0.92)],knowing HIV testing sites[OR=0.41(95%CI:0.21-0.81)]were the influencing factors for AIDS discrimination.ConclusionThe rate of AIDS discrimination ishigh among rural residents.Various ways should be taken to further strengthen AIDS health education for ruralresidents with different characteristics,reduce or eliminate AIDS discrimination,and create a positive AIDSprevention and control environment.

关 键 词：艾滋病 农村居民 歧视 影响因素 

分 类 号：R512.911[医药卫生—内科学]