播期和密度对鄱阳湖植棉区不同熟性棉花品种产量和品质的影响  

Effects of sowing date and density on yield and quality of different maturity cotton varieties at cotton planting region of Poyang lake

作　　者：张丽娟[1] 夏绍南[1] 李永旗[1] 谢业涛 阳太羊 ZHANG Li-juan;XIA Shao-nan;LI Yong-qi;XIE Ye-tao;YANG Tai-yang(Cotton Research Institute of Jiangxi Province,Jiujiang 332105,Jiangxi,China;Comprehensive Service Station of Agricultural Technology Promotion in Dalong Township,Hukou County,Jiangxi Province,Hukou 332505,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省棉花研究所,江西九江332105 [2]江西省湖口县大垅乡农业技术推广综合服务站,江西湖口332505

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第15期20-24,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系-棉花产业体系项目(CARS-15-36);江西省重点研发计划项目(20192BBFL60005)。

摘　　要：为探讨在鄱阳湖植棉区中早熟品种进行晚播替代早熟品种的可能性,于2018年采用裂-裂区设计,在鄱阳湖植棉区分3个时期[4月28日(A1)、5月10日(A2)、5月26日(A3)]和2种密度[6.75万株/hm^2(B1)、9.00万株/hm^2(B2)]种植有代表性的中早熟品种赣棉杂1号(C1)与早熟品种中棉所425(C2),研究其对产量、产量影响因子和纤维品质的影响。结果表明,3个播期2种密度水平下的各处理平均子棉产量为2513.5~3072.0 kg/hm^2,其中以A1B1C1和A1B2C1产量相对较高,以A2B2C2产量最低,且A3播期各处理间产量差异不显著。播期对纤维品质有显著影响,播期A3处理的棉纤维品质均优于A1和A2处理。综上所述,在鄱阳湖植棉区,中早熟品种适当晚播(5月底之前),只要密度适宜再加上合理的化学调控,可以通过自身的自动调节机制进行生长发育,能够取得和早熟品种相当的产量,且纤维品质较好,可以代替早熟品种进行种植。To explore the possibility of replacing early-maturing varieties with medium early-maturing varieties at cotton planting re⁃gion of Poyang lake,two representative cotton varieties of medium early-maturing variety Ganmianza No.1(C1)and early maturing vari⁃ety Zhongmiansuo425(C2)were planted at three sowing date(A1.April 28,A2.May 10,A3.May 26)and two densities(B1.67500 plants/hm^2,B2.90000 plants/hm^2)using the crack zone design in 2018,and the effects of sowing date and density on yield,yield char⁃acteristics and fiber quality of cotton were studied.The results showed that the seed cotton yield of all treatments were from 2513.5 to 3072.0 kg/hm^2,and the yields of A1B1C1 and A1B2C1 were relatively high.The yield of A2B2C2 was the lowest,and the difference be⁃tween the treatments of A3 was not significant.Sowing date had a significant effect on fiber quality.The quality of cotton fiber treated in A3 was better than that of A1 and A2.In summary,the medium early-maturing varieties should be suitable for late sowing(before the end of May)at cotton planting region of Poyang lake,and as long as the density is appropriate and reasonable chemical regulation,they can grow and develop through their own automatic regulation mechanism to get high yield without affecting fiber quality,and can be used instead of early maturing varieties.

关 键 词：棉花 播期 密度 品种熟性 产量 品质 鄱阳湖植棉区 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]