不同磷水平下接种解磷菌剂对生菜促生效应及土壤磷素形态的影响  

Effects of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria inoculated with different phosphorus levels on lettuce growth and soil phosphorus forms

作　　者：杜雷 陈钢 王素萍[1] 洪娟 黄翔 张贵友[1] 练志诚 姜利 叶莉霞 张利红 DU Lei;CHEN Gang;WANG Su-ping;HONG Juan;HUANG Xiang;ZHANG gui-you;LIAN Zhi-cheng;JIANG Li;YE Li-xia;ZHANG Li-hong(Institute of Environment and Safety,Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430345,China;College of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市农业科学院环境与安全研究所,武汉430345 [2]华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2020年第15期49-53,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家土壤质量数据中心观测监测任务项目(ZX02S180300);武汉市农业科学院2019年创新项目(CX201907)。

摘　　要：通过盆栽试验研究了在4种不同施磷水平下施用解磷菌剂对生菜(Lactucas sativa L.var.ramosa Hort.)促生效应及土壤磷素形态的影响。结果表明,在土壤缺磷情况下,施用解磷菌剂能提高生菜叶和根的鲜重和干重,提高叶片净光合速率和蒸腾速率,增加植株磷素吸收量,提高生菜的品质和产量,并能减少土壤中全磷含量的积累,促进土壤有效磷的释放和土壤库中有效磷的积累。在土壤磷素丰富的情况下,施用解磷菌剂对生菜的生长和土壤磷素营养促进作用较弱。土壤添加磷肥量为0.375 g/kg,解磷菌剂对生菜的促生效应和土壤磷素释放效果最佳。解磷菌剂的应用不仅能减少农田土壤磷素的流失,减轻农田土壤磷面源污染的风险,还能为蔬菜生产保质保量,达到收益最大化。A potting experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria on lettuce growth and soil phosphorus forms at different growth stages of lettuce(Lactuca sativa var.ramosa Hort.)under four application levels of calcium-su⁃perphosphate.The results showed,under the condition of soil phosphorus deficiency,that the application of the phosphate-solubiliz⁃ing bacteria could improve the leaf fresh weight,root fresh weight,leaf dry weight and root dry weight of lettuce,increased the net pho⁃tosynthetic rate and transpiration rate,enhanced the phosphorus absorption capacity in lettuce plants,improved the nutritional quality and yield of lettuce,reduced the accumulation of whole phosphorus content in soil,and promoted the release of effective phosphorus and the accumulation of effective phosphorus in soil reservoir.In the case of the soil phosphorus abundance,the application of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria was weaker influence on the growth of lettuce and soil phosphorus.When the amount of phosphate fer⁃tilizer in the soil was 0.375 g/kg,the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria promoting growth effect of lettuce and the soil phosphorus to re⁃lease were the best.The application of the phosphate-solubilizing bacteria not only decrease the loss of phosphorus in agricultural land,mitigate the risk of phosphorus non-point source pollution,but also guarante the quality and quantity for farmers to maximize vegetable yield.

关 键 词：生菜(Lactucas sativa L.var.ramosa Hort.) 解磷菌剂 磷水平 生长 产量 

分 类 号：S636.9[农业科学—蔬菜学] S143.8[农业科学—园艺学]