铁离子对海带配子体克隆系生长发育的影响  

Effects of iron on the growth and development of gametophyte clones in Saccharina japonica

作　　者：王潇 刘福利[2,3] 梁洲瑞 袁艳敏[2] 张朋艳 汪文俊 孙修涛 WANG Xiao;LIU Fuli;LIANG Zhourui;YUAN Yanmin;ZHANG Pengyan;WANG Wenjun;SUN Xiutao(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Marine Fisheries,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,农业农村部海洋渔业可持续发展重点实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2020年第9期1052-1061,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900305,2018YFD0901500);现代农业产业技术体系藻类体系项目(CARS-50);青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室渔业科技青年人才计划项目(2018-MFS-T12)。

摘　　要：为了探究Fe^3+在不同氮、磷条件下对海带(Saccharina japonica)配子体生长发育的影响,以海带‘黄官1号’雌、雄配子体克隆系为材料,以含有不同浓度的氮(N)、磷(P)营养盐的灭菌海水为培养液,添加不同浓度(0μmol/L、0.36μmol/L、3.60μmol/L、8.90μmol/L、17.80μmol/L)的铁离子(Fe^3+),通过测定光系统Ⅱ的最大荧光产量(Fv/Fm)观察配子体营养生长状况,通过计算发育率(包括卵囊形成率、排卵率、幼苗形成率)观测配子体发育与生殖状况。结果显示,N、P浓度分别为0.825 mmol/L、0.0336 mmol/L的条件下,浓度为3.60μmol/L的Fe^3+对海带配子体营养生长阶段的促进作用最大;在不同N、P浓度条件下,Fe^3+浓度为3.60~17.80μmol/L时能够提高海带配子体的最大荧光产量,且各浓度组之间没有显著性差异(P>0.05);N、P浓度达到0.275mmol/L、0.0112mmol/L时,0.36~17.80μmol/L的Fe^3+能够促进海带配子体由营养生长转向生殖生长,Fe^3+浓度为3.60~17.80μmol/L时可显著促进海带配子体的生殖生长,且各浓度组之间没有显著性差异(P>0.05);即使N、P浓度达到0.825 mmol/L、0.0336 mmol/L,在无铁条件下所有的海带配子体维持在营养生长状态;即使Fe^3+浓度达到3.60μmol/L,在N、P浓度0.007 mmol/L、0.0003mmol/L条件下,大部分海带配子体(65%)维持在营养生长状态,虽然小部分海带配子体(35%)进入了生殖生长状态,但生殖生长明显滞后于实验中的其他各个N、P浓度组。本研究表明,铁和N、P营养盐对海带配子体的营养生长和生殖生长具有协同促进作用,铁是海带配子体由营养生长到发育成熟再到有性生殖过程中的关键因素;在添加适宜浓度的氮(0.275mmol/L)、磷营养盐(0.0112mmol/L)条件下,浓度为3.60μmol/L的Fe^3+对海带配子体的生长发育促进作用最大。该结果可为提高海带育苗效率提供理论依据。Saccharina japonica‘Huangguan No.1’female and male gametophyte clones were cultured in sterilized seawater with different concentrations of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P).The effects of different iron ion(Fe^3+)concentrations on the growth and development of the gametophytes were studied via observation of the morphological changes,the maximum fluorescence yield of photosystem II(Fv/Fm),and calculation of the gametogenesis rate(including the oogonium formation rate,ovulation rate,and seedling formation rate).The results showed that 3.60μmol/L of Fe^3+was the most effective at promoting vegetative growth in S.japonica gametophytes in seawater with N and P concentrations of 0.825 mmol/L and 0.0336 mmol/L,respectively.Under different N and P concentration conditions,the maximum fluorescence yield of kelp gametophyte could be increased when the Fe^3+concentration was 3.60–17.80μmol/L,and there was no significant difference between each concentration group(P>0.05).Under different nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations,the oogonium formation rate,ovulation rate,and seedling formation rate were significantly improved at Fe^3+concentrations of 3.60μmol/L,8.90μmol/L,and 17.80μmol/L.So the iron could increase the developmental process.When the nutrient concentration of N and P reached 0.275 mmol/L and 0.0112 mmol/L,0.36–17.80μmol/L Fe^3+could promote the S.japonica gametophyte from vegetative growth to reproductive growth.At Fe^3+concentrations of 3.60–17.80μmol/L,the gametophyte development indicators did not differ(P>0.05)among different nitrogen and phosphorus groups.Even if the N and P concentrations reach 0.825 mmol/L and 0.0336 mmol/L,all of the S.japonica gametes remained in vegetative growth without development under the iron-free conditions.If iron was sufficiently available,most of the S.japonica gametes(65%)remained in vegetative growth under low nitrogen and phosphorus conditions.A small proportion of S.japonica gametophytes(35%)entered the developmental state,but the development lagged behind th

关 键 词：海带 配子体 铁 营养生长 配子体生殖生长 

分 类 号：S968[农业科学—水产养殖]