黑洞能量提取率极限的初步探讨  

Preliminary Discussion on the Energy Extraction Rate Limit of Black Hole

作　　者：赵利军 周史薇 ZHAO Lijun;ZHOU Shiwei(Instituteof Physics and Infor mation Engineering,Shanri Normal University,Linfen 041004,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学物理与信息工程学院,山西临汾041004

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期526-530,共5页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11705111)。

摘　　要：原始彭若斯过程从旋转黑洞中提取能量的提取率极限为29.0%,两个史瓦西黑洞并合形成新的史瓦西黑洞而释放能量的极限也是初始能量的29.0%。文章在回顾这两种从黑洞中提取能量机制的基础上,探索提高黑洞能量提取率的方案。考虑两个克尔黑洞碰撞过程,得到了能量提取率的一般表达式,给出了当■时的一级近似解,并发现可提取能量的最大提取率发生在a=M_0,即在极端克尔黑洞碰撞的情况下,其提取率为50.0%。此外,考虑3个史瓦西黑洞的并合过程,根据黑洞面积不减定理计算表明,当3个史瓦西黑洞质量相同时,能量提取率达极大值42.3%。这两种方案的能量提取率极限均高于传统的29.0%。The limit of the ratio of energy extraction from a rotating black hole is 29.0%by original Penrose process and that of the emitting energy is also 29.0%when two Schwarzschild black holes merge to form a new Schwarzschild black hole.On the basis of review of above two energy extracting mechanisms,we explored the method to increase the ratio of energy extraction from black holes.On the one hand,when the collision of two Kerr black hole are considered,the general expression of ratio of energy extraction is obtained,especially,the solution of first order approximation in the case of■.Remarkably,the maximal limit of energy extraction is 50.0%,which occurs on the extreme Kerr black holes case with a=M0.Moreover,the merging process of three Schwarzschild black holes is considered and the energy extraction ratio is investigated by virtue of the black hole area theorem.When the masses of three Schwarzschild black holes are identical,the maximal limit of the ratio can be as high as 42.3%.The limits of energy extraction ratio on the above two mechanisms are higher than the traditional limit of 29.0%.

关 键 词：能量提取 黑洞面积定理 彭若斯过程 旋转黑洞 

分 类 号：O412[理学—理论物理]