超滤-反渗透组合工艺处理稀土冶炼废水  

Treatment of Rare Earth Smelting Wastewater by Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis Integrated Technology

作　　者：桂双林[1,2] 麦兆环 付嘉琦[2] 万金保[1] GUI Shuanglin;MAI Zhaohuan;FU Jiaqi;WAN Jinbao(Key laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization,Ministry of Education,School of Resource Environmental and Chemical Engineering,Nanchang University,330031;Energy Research Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Sciences,Nanchang 330096,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学鄱阳湖环境与资源利用教育部重点实验室,资源环境与化工学院,330031 [2]江西省科学院能源研究所,江西南昌330096

出　　处：《水处理技术》2020年第9期108-112,共5页Technology of Water Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21567009)。

摘　　要：采用混凝沉淀-超滤和反渗透膜集成技术处理稀土冶炼废水,考察了各处理单元及集成系统对污染物的去除效率;采用不同的化学试剂对污染膜进行清洗,评价了膜通量的恢复效果。结果表明,膜集成技术能有效处理和降低废水中的污染物,混凝-超滤能去除废水中的大部分有机物、浊度和重金属,反渗透可以进一步去除废水中的氨氮和其它污染物,膜集成系统对废水COD、NH4+-N、浊度、Zn、Cu和Pb的整体去除效率分别为95.3%、80.6%、99.2%、98.3%、95.3%和96.0%。处理过程中,会产生严重的膜污染尤其是反渗透膜。膜污染以氯化铵盐等无机污染为主,采用稀盐酸清洗对污染膜的恢复效果优于氢氧化钠、次氯酸钠和EDTA。The wastewater from rare earth smelting was treated by membrane integration technology with coagulation-ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis.The removal efficiency of each treatment unit in the membrane integrated system was investigated.Different chemical reagents were used to clean the fouled membrane,and the restoration effect of membrane flux was evaluated.The results showed that,the membrane integration technology could effectively treat and reduce pollutants in wastewater.Coagulation combined with ultrafiltration could remove most organic,turbidity and heavy metals from wastewater.However,reverse osmosis could further remove ammonia nitrogen and other pollutants.The overall removal rate of COD,ammonia nitrogen,turbidity,Zn,Cu and Pb in wastewater by membrane integrated system was 95.3%,80.6%,99.2%,98.3%,95.3%and 96.0%,respectively.In the treatment process,serious membrane pollution was occurred.Membrane fouling was dominated by inorganic fouling such as ammonium chloride,and the recovery effect of cleaning the fouled membrane with dilute hydrochloric acid was better than sodium hydroxide,sodium hypochlorite and EDTA.

关 键 词：稀土冶炼 混凝 超滤 反渗透 膜集成 废水处理 

分 类 号：X756[环境科学与工程—环境工程]